Совмещенная однофотонная эмиссионная и рентгеновская компьютерная томография сердца: методические аспекты

За последнее время в области мировой радиологии и ядерной медицины наметился явный тренд к выполнению гибридных (комбинированных, совмещенных) исследований. К сожалению, в отечественной литературе практически отсутствуют работы как методического, так и исследовательского характера по данной тематике. В основу данной статьи легли рекомендации Североамериканского общества ядерной медицины и молекулярных изображений, Североамериканского общества ядерной кардиологии, Общества сердечно-сосудистой компьютерной томографии, а также принципы, изложенные в совместной позиции Европейского общества ядерной медицины, Европейского радиологического общества, Европейского совета по ядерной медицине. Целью статьи является знакомство читателей с некоторыми методическими аспектами выполнения совмещенной однофотонной эмиссионной и рентгеновской компьютерной томографии сердца (ОФЭКТ/КТ). В данной публикации обсуждаются основные показания и противопоказания к выполнению гибридных кардиологических исследований, а также приводятся другие сведения, полезные при отборе пациентов на исследование. Рассказывается о подготовке пациента и мерах предосторожности. Дана информация об основных радиофармпрепаратах и оборудовании для совмещенных исследований. Приведены параметры записи изображений, сведения о коррекции поглощения гамма-квантов по данным КТ. Затронута тема интерпретации результатов определения кальциноза коронарных артерий, КТ-коронарографии и перфузионной сцинтиграфии миокарда. Приведены методические аспекты совмещения радионуклидного и КТ-изображений, возможные источники ошибок при выполнении совмещенного ОФЭКТ/КТ-исследования, а также рекомендации по формированию диагностического заключения. Обсуждаются вопросы лучевой нагрузки и радиационной безопасности.

миокард, коронарные артерии, перфузия, однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография/компьютерная томография, совмещение, коррекция поглощения

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