COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG DISEASES IN NEONATES AND INFANTS

Objective. To carry out clinical, radiological,  and pathological comparisons in congenital and acquired cystic lung changes to determine the capabilities of computed tomography (CT) in the detection and differential diagnosis of lung diseases in neonates  and infants.

Material and methods. The authors describe their own clinical cases of 185 neonates  and infants followed up and treated for variant focal lung malformation for 20 years, with their histological verification, the time and algorithm of a postnatal radiological examination, as well as a treatment  option,  and a follow-up  with X-ray and CT monitoring in 83 patients during 6 months to 16 years.

Results. The CT semiotics of different variants of congenital and acquired cystic  lung malformations are presented  and compared with pathomorphological signs. The results of prenatal radiological diagnosis  of lung diseases agreed with the final diagnosis  of  the  type  of  disease  in 42.03%; 50% of  cases  showed changes  in the prenatal diagnosis  established after CT; and this affected the concept  of the patient and modified treatment policy in 36.96% of cases.

Conclusion.  CT is an expert radiation diagnostic technique for lung diseases in neonates  and infants,  which  contributed  to  an accurate differential diagnosis in 94.05% and to the change in the policy and timing of surgical treatment  for focal lung malformations in 51.89%.

lung diseases, cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung, pulmonary sequestration, bronchogenic cyst, bronchial atresia, pulmonary emphysema, neonates, computed tomography, multislice computed tomography angiography

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