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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2024-105-2-75-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-869</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт использования низкодозовой компьютерной томографии у детей и подростков с туберкулезом органов дыхания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experience in Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Children and Adolescents with Pulmonary Tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5644-0687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петракова</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrakova</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петракова Ирина Юрьевна, к. м. н., заведующая детским отделением, врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики</p><p>Яузская аллея, 2, Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Yu. Petrakova, Cand. Med. Sc., Head of Pediatric Department, Radiologist, Radiology Department</p><p>Yauzskaya alleya, 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina71petrakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-1592</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлов Станислав Глебович, врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики </p><p>Яузская аллея, 2, Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav G. Mikhaylov, Radiologist, Radiology Department</p><p>Yauzskaya alleya, 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3931-1431</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрин</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurin</surname><given-names>I. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюрин Игорь Евгеньевич, д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой рентгенологии и радиологии, вед. науч. сотр. отдела лучевой  диагностики </p><p>ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, Москва, 125993</p><p>Каширское ш., 23, Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor Е. Tyurin, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Chair of Radiology; Leading Researcher, Radiology Department</p><p>ul. Barrikadnaya, 2/1, Moscow, 125993</p><p>Kashirskoe shosse, 23, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губкина</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubkina</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Губкина Марина Федоровна, д. м. н., гл. науч. сотр. детско-подросткового отдела, профессор кафедры фтизиатрии </p><p>Яузская аллея, 2, Москва, 107564</p><p>ул. Островитянова, 1, Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Мarina F. Gubkina, Dr. Med. Sc., Chief Researcher, Child and Adolescent Department; Professor, Chair of Phthisiology</p><p>Yauzskaya alleya, 2, Moscow, 107564</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измайлов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmaylov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Измайлов Михаил Юрьевич, врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии, реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p><p>Яузская аллея, 2, Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Мikhail Yu. Izmaylov, Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care</p><p>Yauzskaya alleya, 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Tuberculosis Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Tuberculosis Research Institute; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петракова И.Ю., Михайлов С.Г., Тюрин И.Е., Губкина М.Ф., Измайлов М.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петракова И.Ю., Михайлов С.Г., Тюрин И.Е., Губкина М.Ф., Измайлов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrakova I.Y., Mikhaylov S.G., Tyurin I.Е., Gubkina M.F., Izmaylov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/869">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/869</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить возможности использования низкодозовой компьютерной томографии (НДКТ) при  туберкулезе органов дыхания у детей и подростков.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Дизайн исследования, включавшего пациентов 2–17 лет с активным туберкулезом органов дыхания и посттуберкулезными изменениями, проходивших лечение в ФГБНУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза» в 2021–2023 гг., состоял из двух частей: часть 1 (п роспективное выборочное исследование) – определение диагностической точности НДКТ в сравнении с КТ со стандартной дозой (СДКТ) независимо двумя рентгенологами у 44 больных при стабилизации туберкулезного процесса, часть 2 – когортная одномоментная оценка качества изображения при НДКТ у 144 пациентов в процессе лечения. СДКТ проводили на компьютерном томографе Somatom Emotion 16 (Siemens, Германия) c использованием алгоритмов фильтрованных обратных проекций, НДКТ – на  компьютерном томографе Somatom go.Up с помощью алгоритмов итеративной реконструкции. У детей в возрасте от 2 до 12 лет применяли педиатрические протоколы, у подростков от 13 до 17 лет – стандартные. Лучевую нагрузку оценивали с помощью эффективной дозы (ЭД).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В возрастной группе 13–17 лет уровень шума был ниже, а соотношение сигнал/шум – выше при НДКТ для всех анатомических структур, за исключением легочной паренхимы. У пациентов 2–12 лет соотношение сигнал/шум было одинаковым или несколько выше при СДКТ. При субъективной оценке отмечено хорошее качество изображения с высокой корреляционной связью между оценками рентгенологов. Значения ЭД при НДКТ были ниже, чем при СДКТ, в 2,17 раза у подростков и в 1,91 раза у детей. У пациентов 2–3 лет качество изображения существенно зависело от их неподвижности во время обследования, но при условии седации оно было хорошим в 92% случаев.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В условиях достаточной неподвижности пациента НДКТ обеспечивает хорошее качество изображения туберкулезных изменений при снижении ЭД по сравнению с СДКТ в 2,17 раза у подростков и в 1,91 раза у детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the possibilities of using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in children and adolescents with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The design of the study, which included patients aged 2–17 years with active pulmonary TB and post-TB changes treated in Central Tuberculosis Research Institute in 2021–2023, consisted of two parts as follows: part 1 (a prospective selective study) – independent assessment of LDCT vs standard-dose CT (SDCT) diagnostic accuracy by two radiologists in 44 patients with TB process stabilization; part 2 – cohort one-time assessment of LDCT image quality in 144 patients at different phases of TB treatment. LDCT was performed on the Somatom Emotion 16 CT scanner (Siemens, Germany) by filtered backprojection algorithm; SDCT was conducted on the Somatom go.Up CT scanner by iterative reconstruction algorithm. In patients aged 2–12 years, pediatric protocols, and in patients aged 13–17, standard protocols were used. Radiation exposure was evaluated considering the effective dose (ED).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients aged 13–17 years, the noise level was lower and the signal-to-noise ratio was higher with LDCT for all anatomical structures, with the exception of pulmonary parenchyma. In patients aged 2–12 years, the signal-to-noise ratio was the same or slightly higher in SDCT. In the subjective assessment, good image quality was noted with a high correlation between the assessments of radiologists. ED was 2.17 times lower for LDCT than for SDCT in adolescents and 1.91 times lower in children. In patients aged 2–3 years, the quality essentially depended on their immobility during the procedure, though under sedation it was good in 92% of cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In conditions of sufficient immobility of the patient, LDCT provided good image quality of tuberculous changes with a decrease in ED compared to SDCT by 2.17 times in adolescents and by 1.91 times in children.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>низкодозовая компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>НДКТ</kwd><kwd>качество изображения</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>low-dose computed tomography</kwd><kwd>LDCT</kwd><kwd>image quality</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>TB</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания по теме НИР № 122041100210-4 «Комплексный подход к диагностике и лечению туберкулеза органов дыхания у детей и подростков».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out as part of the State Assignment Research No. 122041100210-4 “The complex approach to diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез у взрослых. 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