rentradВестник рентгенологии и радиологииJournal of radiology and nuclear medicine0042-46762619-0478Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists10.20862/0042-4676-2015-0-4-22-31rentrad-78Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWS OF LITERATUREМагнитно-резонансная томография печени и селезенки в диагностике болезней накопленияMagnetic resonance imaging of the liver and spleen in the diagnosis of storage diseasesШапиеваЗ. М.ShapievaZ. M.

врач-рентгенолог

Radiologist

КучерукО. В.KucherukO. V.

врач-рентгенолог

Radiologist

СиницынВ. Е.SinitsynV. E.

д. м. н., профессор, директор Центра лучевой диагностики ЛРЦ

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Director of Center of Radiology of Federal Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation

МершинаЕ. А.MershinaE. A.

к. м. н., доцент, заведующая отделением томографии

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of Department of Tomography

ГБУ РД «Республиканский диагностический центр»РоссияRepublican Diagnostic CenterRussian FederationФГАУ «Лечебно-реабилитационный центр» Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияFederal Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Health of the RFRussian FederationФГАУ «Лечебно-реабилитационный центр» Министерства здравоохранения РФ, ГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования» Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияFederal Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Health of the RF, Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ministry of Health of the RFRussian Federation201504032016045461Copyright © Шапиева З.М., Кучерук О.В., Синицын В.Е., Мершина Е.А., 20162016Шапиева З.М., Кучерук О.В., Синицын В.Е., Мершина Е.А.Shapieva Z.M., Kucheruk O.V., Sinitsyn V.E., Mershina E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/78

Болезни накопления (тезаурисмозы, накопительные ретикулезы) — общее название большой группы гиперпластических нелейкемических заболеваний, характеризующихся врожденными или приобретенными нарушениями метаболизма и патологическим накоплением в крови и (или) клетках различных органов продуктов обмена веществ, а также гиперплазией элементов системы мононуклеарных фагоцитов в печени, селезенке, костном мозге, лимфатических узлах и других органах, что придает заболеваниям системный характер. Из методов визуализации при диффузных заболеваниях печени для диагностики и динамического наблюдения наиболее часто применяютсяультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) и рентгеновская компьютерная томография (КТ). Наибольшей чувствительностью и специфичностью в диагностике заболеваний печени обладает магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ).В статье рассмотрены современные методики МРТ, которые используются для диагностики болезней накопления, в том числе для количественной оценки выявленных изменений.При болезни Гоше описаны потенциальные возможности таких новых методик, как МР-спектроскопия, диффузионно-взвешенные изображения (ДВИ), режим химического сдвига (метод Диксона) для количественной оценки выявленных измене-ний. При гемохроматозе описан вклад режима Т2*-взвешенные изображения для количественной оценки перегрузки паренхимы печени железом, что служит альтернативой инвазивным методикам.Внедрение МРТ в алгоритм обследования пациентов с болезнями накопления позволит улучшить выявление этих редких болезней, а также контролировать эффективность проводимой терапии.

Storage diseases (thesaurismoses, storage reticuloses) are the common name of a large group of hyperplastic non-leukemic diseases characterized by congenital or acquired metabolic disturbances and abnormal accumulation of metabolic products in blood and/or cells of different organs and by hyperplasia of mononuclear phagocyte elements in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other organs, which makes the diseases systemic. Among the imaging techniques for diffuse liver diseases, ultrasonography and X-ray computed tomography are most commonly used for their diagnosis and follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the highest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing liver diseases. The paper considers the current MRI procedures that are used to diagnose storage diseases and to quantify found changes. For Gaucher’s disease, the potentials of novel techniques, such as MR spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and chemical shift imaging (Dickson’s method) for the estimation of revealed changes, are described. For hemochromatosis, the contribution of T2 WI to the quantification of iron overload in the liver parenchyma is depicted, which is an alternative invasive procedure in its determination. Incorporation of MRI into the examination algorithm for patients with storagediseases will be able to improve the detection of these rare diseases and to monitorthe efficiency of performed therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.