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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2023-104-1-6-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-777</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности дискриминантного анализа в дифференциальной диагностике хронического аспергиллеза и немикотических поражений легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities of Discriminant Analysis in the Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Aspergillosis and Nonmicotic Lung Lesions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7211-892X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаева Наталия Георгиевна, ассистент кафедры лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии, врач-рентгенолог кабинета компьютерной томографии клиники им. Э.Э. Эйхвальда </p><p>ул. Кирочная, 41, Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia G. Nikolaeva, Assistant Professor, Chair of Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy, Radiologist, Computer Tomography Room, Eichwald Clinic </p><p>ul. Kirochnaya, 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolasha85@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3272-5263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шадривова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shadrivova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шадривова Ольга Витальевна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры клинической микологии, аллергологии и иммунологии </p><p>ул. Кирочная, 41, Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Shadrivova, Cand. Med. Sc., Associate Professor, Chair of Clinical Mycology, Allergology and Immunology </p><p>ul. Kirochnaya, 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-8970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борзова Юлия Владимировна, к. м. н., заведующая микологической клиникой Научно-исследовательского института медицинской микологии им. П.Н. Кашкина, ассистент кафедры клинической микологии, аллергологии и иммунологии </p><p>ул. Кирочная, 41, Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Borzova, Cand. Med. Sc., Head of Mycological Clinic, Kashkin Research Institute of Medical Mycology, Assistant Professor, Chair of Clinical Mycology, Allergology and Immunology </p><p>ul. Kirochnaya, 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-1216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryev</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьев Степан Григорьевич, д. м. н., профессор, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского центра </p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepan G. Grigoryev, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Senior Researcher, Research Center </p><p>ul. Akademika Lebedeva, 6, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-3955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ицкович</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Itskovich</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ицкович Ирина Эммануиловна, д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии, заведующая рентгеновским отделением клиники им. Э.Э. Эйхвальда </p><p>ул. Кирочная, 41, Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina E. Itskovich, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Chair of Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy, Head of Radiology Department, Eichwald Clinic </p><p>ul. Kirochnaya, 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-7531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климко</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimko</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климко Николай Николаевич, д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической микологии, аллергологии и иммунологии </p><p>ул. Кирочная, 41, Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay N. Klimko, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Chair of Clinical Mycology, Allergology and Immunology </p><p>ul. Kirochnaya, 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Николаева Н.Г., Шадривова О.В., Борзова Ю.В., Григорьев С.Г., Ицкович И.Э., Климко Н.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Николаева Н.Г., Шадривова О.В., Борзова Ю.В., Григорьев С.Г., Ицкович И.Э., Климко Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikolaeva N.G., Shadrivova O.V., Borzova Y.V., Grigoryev S.G., Itskovich I.E., Klimko N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/777">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/777</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: повысить эффективность диагностики хронического аспергиллеза легких (ХАЛ) на основании оценки его вероятности с помощью дискриминантной математической модели. Материал и методы. В проспективное исследование включили 74 больных ХАЛ (57% женщин, медиана возраста 53 года), соответствующих критериям ERS/ESCMID (2016 г.). Контрольную группу составили 35 пациентов с заболеваниями легких без ХАЛ. Проанализированы клинические и анамнестические данные, результаты компьютерной томографии (КТ), лабораторных и инструментальных методов исследования. Посредством пошагового дискриминантного анализа создана модель, позволяющая дифференцировать сопоставляемые группы. Результаты. Основными формами ХАЛ явились простая одиночная аспергиллема (n  =  30, 40%) и полостной ХАЛ (n = 21, 28%). При КТ легких у пациентов с ХАЛ часто выявляли эмфизему (n = 50, 74%; 95% ДИ 63–83), бронхоэктазы (n = 42, 56%; 95% ДИ 44–67), утолщение плевры (n = 40, 56%; 95% ДИ 42–65). Чувствительность и специфичность характерного для ХАЛ симптома «воздушного серпа» (air sickle symptom) составили 66,2% и 74,29% соответственно. Диагностическая информативность лабораторных методов характеризовалась высокими показателями специфичности (85–100%), чувствительность составила 40–60%. Разработана дискриминантная модель, включающая пять переменных: микологическое подтверждение диагноза (р &lt; 0,001), симптом «воздушного серпа» на КТ (p = 0,03), симптом «матового стекла» на КТ (р = 0,017), сопутствующие ревматологические заболевания (р = 0,031), положительный антиген Aspergillus в промывных водах бронхов (p = 0,036). Полученная модель дифференциальной диагностики статистически достоверна (критерий F = (5,102) = 27,291; р &lt; 0,001). Заключение. КТ-признаки ХАЛ включают характерные (симптом «воздушного серпа») и неспецифические (утолщение плевры, эмфизема, бронхоэктазы) изменения. Отдельно взятые КТ-симптомы и лабораторные показатели не всегда являются определяющими критериями диагностики, для постановки диагноза необходим комплексный подход. Предлагаемая модель позволяет улучшить точность дифференциальной диагностики между ХАЛ и немикотическими заболеваниями легких: повысить чувствительность до 82,43%, специфичность до 94,28% в сравнении с отдельно проанализированными лабораторными данными и характерным КТ-симптомом «воздушного серпа». В целом модель позволяет классифицировать ХАЛ и немикотические поражения легких в 86,23% случаев.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to improve the efficiency of differential diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (СPA) based on the assessment of its probability using a discriminant mathematical model. Material and methods. The prospective study included 74 patients with CPA (57% women, median age 53 years) meeting the ERS/ESCMID criteria (2016). The control group consisted of 35 patients with lung diseases without CPA. Clinical and anamnestic data, the results of computed tomography (CT), laboratory and instrumental methods of research were analysed. By means of stepwise discriminant analysis, the model was created in order to differentiate compared groups. Results. The main forms of CPA were simple solitary aspergilloma (n = 30, 40%) and cavitary CPA (n = 21, 28%). On CT scans, in patients with CPA pulmonary emphysema (n = 50, 74%; 95% CI 63–83), bronchiectasis (n = 42, 56%; 95% CI 44–67), pleura thickening (n = 40, 56%; 95% CI 42–65) were detected with a high frequency. The sensitivity and specificity of typical for CPA air sickle symptom were 66.2% and 74.29%, respectively. The diagnostic informativeness of laboratory methods was characterized by high specificity (85–100%), however, it had sensitivity 40–60%. A discriminant model was worked up. It included five variables: mycological confirmation of the diagnosis (р &lt; 0.001), air sickle symptom on CT (p = 0.03), ground glass opacity sympton on CT (p = 0.017), accompanying rheumatological diseases (p = 0,031), positive Aspergillus antigen in bronchoalveolar lavage (p = 0.036). The resulting model of differential diagnosis is statistically significant (F = (5.102) = 27.291; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion. CT-patterns of CPA include typical (air sickle symptom) and nonspecific (pleura thickening, emphysema, bronchiectasis) changes. Separately taken laboratory indicators and CT-symptoms are not always the determining criteria for diagnosis; an integrated approach is required to make a diagnosis. The proposed model improves the accuracy of differential diagnosis between CPA and nonmycotic lung diseases: increases sensitivity to 82.43%, specificity to 94.28% in comparison with separately analyzed laboratory data and typical CT-pattern of air sickle symptom. As a whole this model allows to classify the CPA and nonmycotic lung disease in 86,23% of cases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический аспергиллез легких</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>математическая модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic pulmonary aspergillosis</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>differential diagnostic</kwd><kwd>mathematical model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lowes D, Al-Shair K, Newton PJ, et al. Predictors of mortality in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Eur Respir J. 2017; 49(2): 1601062. http://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01062-2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lowes D, Al-Shair K, Newton PJ, et al. Predictors of mortality in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. 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