<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2022-103-4-6-58-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-741</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поиск оптимального МР-протокола для диагностики опухолевого поражения влагалища</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Search for Optimal MRI Protocol for the Diagnosis of Vaginal Tumor</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-5754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenova</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксенова Светлана Павловна, к. м. н., науч. сотр. лаборатории лучевой диагностики заболеваний (включая молочную железу) научно-исследовательского отдела комплексной диагностики заболеваний и радиотерапии</p><p>ул. Профсоюзная, 86, Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana P. Aksenova, Cand. Med. Sc., Researcher, Laboratory of Radiodiagnostics of Diseases (including the mammary gland), Research Department of Complex Diagnostics of Diseases and Radiotherapy</p><p>ul. Profsoyuznaya, 86, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fabella@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5994-0468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуднов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nudnov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нуднов Николай Васильевич, д. м. н., профессор, зам. директора по научной работе, заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом комплексного лечения заболеваний и радиотерапии; профессор кафедры рентгенологии и радиологии; профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии</p><p>ул. Профсоюзная, 86, Москва, 117997</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1, Москва, 125993</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Nudnov, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Deputy Director for Research, Head of Research Department of Complex Diagnostics of Diseases and Radiotherapy; Professor, Chair of Roentgen Radiology; Professor, Chair of Oncology and Radiology</p><p>ul. Profsoyuznaya, 86, Moscow, 117997</p><p>ul. Barrikadnaya, 2/1, str. 1, Moscow, 125993</p><p>ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-6452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодкий</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodkiy</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солодкий Владимир Алексеевич – д. м. н., профессор, академик</p><p>ул. Профсоюзная, 86, Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir А. Solodkiy – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Academician of RAS, Director</p><p>ul. Profsoyuznaya, 86, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; People’s Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>4-6</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аксенова С.П., Нуднов Н.В., Солодкий В.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аксенова С.П., Нуднов Н.В., Солодкий В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aksenova S.P., Nudnov N.V., Solodkiy V.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/741">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/741</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Большое разнообразие импульсных последовательностей, возможность мультипланарной визуализации существенно увеличивают преимущества магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) в диагностике заболеваний женской репродуктивной системы. В то же время отсутствие регламентированного протокола сканирования, особенно у больных, перенесших противоопухолевое лечение, требует стандартизации методики и поиска оптимального набора импульсных последовательностей, позволяющего визуализировать влагалище на всем протяжении, проводить дифференциальную диагностику между продолженным ростом опухоли и постлучевыми изменениями при сохранении адекватного времени исследования.Цель: определить оптимальный набор импульсных последовательностей при МР-исследовании органов малого таза у пациенток с опухолевым поражением влагалища и на основании диагностической информативности сформировать оригинальный протокол процедуры.Материал и методы. В исследование включена 141 пациентка с опухолевым поражением влагалища. Проведен сравнительный анализ информативности четырех протоколов МРТ в первичной диагностике опухолевого поражения влагалища, построенных по принципу «от простого к сложному» (от нативного исследования к мультипараметрическому МРТ-исследованию).Результаты. Получена существенная и достоверная разница между всеми показателями информативности протокола 4 относительно протокола 1 (чувствительность – p = 0,00006, специфичность – p = 0,00443, AUC – p = 0,00000). При анализе данных также отмечена достоверная разница между чувствительностью и AUC протоколов 2 и 4 (p = 0,00150 и p = 0,00087 соответственно), а также протоколов 3 и 4 (p = 0,01333 и p = 0,01333 соответственно).Заключение. Значимое относительно остальных протоколов повышение показателей информативности протокола 4 (чувствительность до 93%, специфичность до 94%, точность до 93%) свидетельствует о целесообразности приоритетного использования мультипараметрического МРТ-исследования в первичной диагностике опухолевого поражения влагалища.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. A wide variety of pulse sequences, the possibility of multiplanar imaging significantly increase the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing diseases of the female reproductive system. At the same time, the lack of a regulated scanning protocol, especially in patients who have undergone anticancer treatment, requires standardization of the technique and the search for an optimal set of pulse sequences that allows to visualize the vagina throughout its entire length and to perform differential diagnosis between continued tumor growth and post-radiation changes while maintaining an adequate examination time.Objective: to determine the optimal set of MRI pulse sequences for pelvic organs examination in patients with vaginal tumors and to form an original research protocol based on diagnostic information content.Material and methods. The study included 141 patients with vaginal tumors. A comparative analysis of four MRI protocols was carried out, built according to the principle “from simple to complex” (from native to multiparametric MRI).Results. A significant difference was obtained between all information content indicators of Protocol 4 compared to Protocol 1 (sensitivity p = 0.00006, specificity p = 0.00443, AUC p = 0.00000). Data analysis also showed a significant difference between sensitivity and AUC for Protocols 2 and 4 (p = 0.00150 and p = 0.00087, respectively), and Protocols 3 and 4 (p = 0.01333 and p = 0.01333, respectively).Conclusion. Significant increase in the information content of Protocol 4 compared to other protocols (sensitivity up to 93%, specificity up to 94%, accuracy up to 93%) indicates the expediency of the priority use of multiparametric MRI in the primary diagnosis of vaginal tumor lesions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоль влагалища</kwd><kwd>метастатическое поражение влагалища</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>эндовагинальный МР-совместимый аппликатор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaginal tumor</kwd><kwd>vaginal metastasis</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>endovaginal MR-compatible applicator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin. 2019; 69(1): 7–34. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21551.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin. 2019; 69(1): 7–34. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21551.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">López C, Balogun M, Ganesan R, Olliff JF. MRI of vaginal conditions. Clin Radiol. 2005; 60(6): 648–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2005.02.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">López C, Balogun M, Ganesan R, Olliff JF. MRI of vaginal conditions. Clin Radiol. 2005; 60(6): 648–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2005.02.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филатова Е.И. Первичный рак влагалища. Диагностика и лечебная тактика. Практическая онкология. 2006; 7(4): 228–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filatova EI. Primary cancer of the vagina. Diagnosis and treatment tactics. Practical Oncology. 2006; 7(4): 228–35 (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нуднов Н.В., Аксенова С.П., Крейнина Ю.М., Котляров П.М. Магнитно-резонансная томография в диагностике вторичного опухолевого поражения влагалища. Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии. 2015; 3: 37–46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nudnov NV, Aksenova SP, Kreynina YuM, Kotlyarov PM. Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of secondary vaginal tumor involvement. Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. 2015; 3: 37–46 (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chow L, Tsui BQ, Bahrami S, et al. Gynecologic tumor board: a radiologist’s guide to vulvar and vaginal malignancies. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021; 46(12): 5669–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03209-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chow L, Tsui BQ, Bahrami S, et al. Gynecologic tumor board: a radiologist’s guide to vulvar and vaginal malignancies. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021; 46(12): 5669–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03209-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Current FIGO staging for cancer of the vagina, fallopian tube, ovary, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009; 105(1): 3–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.12.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Current FIGO staging for cancer of the vagina, fallopian tube, ovary, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009; 105(1): 3–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.12.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Труфанов В.Г., Панов В.О. Руководство по лучевой диагностике в гинекологии. Санкт-Петербург: ЭЛБИ-СПб; 2008: 590–2, 616.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trufanov VG, Panov VO. A guide to radiation diagnostics in gynecology. St. Petersburg: ELBI-SPb; 2008: 590–2, 616 (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова С.П., Нуднов Н.В., Крейнина Ю.М. Комплексное магнитно-резонансное исследование в дифференциальной диагностике опухолевого и неопухолевого поражения влагалища. Медицинская визуализация. 2015; 4: 131–41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aksenova SP, Nudnov NV, Kreynina YuM. Complex magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of vaginal neoplastic and non-neoplastk lesions. Medical Visualization. 2015; 4: 131–41 (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elsayes KM, Narra VR, Dillman JR, et al. Vaginal masses: magnetic resonance imaging features with pathologic correlation. Acta Radiol 2007; 48(8): 921–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/02841850701552926.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elsayes KM, Narra VR, Dillman JR, et al. Vaginal masses: magnetic resonance imaging features with pathologic correlation. Acta Radiol 2007; 48(8): 921–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/02841850701552926.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gardner CS, Sunil J, Klopp AH, et al. Primary vaginal cancer:role of MRI in diagnosis, staging and treatment. Br J Radiol. 2015; 88(1052): 20150033. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20150033.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gardner CS, Sunil J, Klopp AH, et al. Primary vaginal cancer:role of MRI in diagnosis, staging and treatment. Br J Radiol. 2015; 88(1052): 20150033. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20150033.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor MB, Dugar N, Davidson SE, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of primary vaginal carcinoma. Clin Radiol. 2007; 62(6): 549–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2007.01.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor MB, Dugar N, Davidson SE, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of primary vaginal carcinoma. Clin Radiol. 2007; 62(6): 549–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2007.01.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang YC, Hricak H, Thurnher S, Lacey CG. Vagina: evaluation with MR imaging. Part II. Neoplasms. Radiology. 1988; 169(1): 175–9. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.169.1.3420257.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang YC, Hricak H, Thurnher S, Lacey CG. Vagina: evaluation with MR imaging. Part II. Neoplasms. Radiology. 1988; 169(1): 175–9. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.169.1.3420257.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крейнина Ю.М., Нуднов Н.В., Аксенова С.П. Мультипараметрическая магнитно-резонансная томография органов малого таза в уточняющей диагностике и мониторинге брахитерапии опухолей влагалища. Трудный пациент. 2016; 14(2-3): 27–34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kreynina YuM, Nudnov NV, Aksenova SP. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the small pelvis organs in specifying diagnosis and monitoring of vaginal tumor brachytherapy. Difficult Patient. 2016; 14(2-3): 27–34 (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thoeny HC, Ross BD. Predicting and monitoring cancer treatment response with diffusion-weighted MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010; 32(1): 2–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.22167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thoeny HC, Ross BD. Predicting and monitoring cancer treatment response with diffusion-weighted MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010; 32(1): 2–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.22167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова С.П., Солодкий В.А., Нуднов Н.В. и др. Магнитно-резонансная томография в диагностике опухолевого поражения влагалища (по материалам методических рекомендаций). Вестник российского научного центра рентгенорадиологии. 2022; 2: 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aksenova SP, Solodkiy VA, Nudnov NV, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of tumor lesions of the vagina (based on guidelines). Bulletin of the Russian Scientific Center for Roentgen Radiology. 2022; 2: 26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nishie A, Stolpen AH, Obuchi M, et al. Evaluation of locally recurrent pelvic malignancy: performance of T2- and diffusionweighted MRI with image fusion. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008; 28(3): 705–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.21486.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nishie A, Stolpen AH, Obuchi M, et al. Evaluation of locally recurrent pelvic malignancy: performance of T2- and diffusionweighted MRI with image fusion. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008; 28(3): 705–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.21486.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kinkel K, Ariche M, Tardivon AA, et al. Differentiation between recurrent tumor and benign conditions after treatment of gynecologic pelvic carcinoma: value of dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging. Radiology. 1997; 204(1): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.204.1.9205223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kinkel K, Ariche M, Tardivon AA, et al. Differentiation between recurrent tumor and benign conditions after treatment of gynecologic pelvic carcinoma: value of dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging. Radiology. 1997; 204(1): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.204.1.9205223.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parikh JH, Barton DP, Ind TE, Sohaib SA. MR imaging features of vaginal malignancies. Radiographics. 2008; 28(1): 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.281075065.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parikh JH, Barton DP, Ind TE, Sohaib SA. MR imaging features of vaginal malignancies. Radiographics. 2008; 28(1): 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.281075065.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siegelman ES, Outwater EK, Banner MP, et al High resolution MR imaging of the vagina. Radiographics. 1997; 17(5): 1183–203. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.17.5.9308110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siegelman ES, Outwater EK, Banner MP, et al High resolution MR imaging of the vagina. Radiographics. 1997; 17(5): 1183–203. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.17.5.9308110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alt CD, Bharwani N, Brunesh L, et al. ESUR Quick Guide to Female Pelvis Imaging. ESUR; 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alt CD, Bharwani N, Brunesh L, et al. ESUR Quick Guide to Female Pelvis Imaging. ESUR; 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boss EA, Barentsz JO, Massuger LF, Boonstra H. The role of MR imaging in invasive cervical carcinoma. Eur Radiol. 2000; 10(2): 256–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050042.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boss EA, Barentsz JO, Massuger LF, Boonstra H. The role of MR imaging in invasive cervical carcinoma. Eur Radiol. 2000; 10(2): 256–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050042.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown MA, Mattrey RF, Stamato S, Sirlin CB. MRI of the female pelvis using vaginal gel. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005; 185(5): 1221–7. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.04.1660.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown MA, Mattrey RF, Stamato S, Sirlin CB. MRI of the female pelvis using vaginal gel. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005; 185(5): 1221–7. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.04.1660.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young P, Daniel B, Sommer G, et al. Intravaginal gel for staging of female pelvic cancers – preliminary report of safety, distention, and gel-mucosal contrast during magnetic resonance examination. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2012; 36(2): 253–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0b013e3182483c05.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young P, Daniel B, Sommer G, et al. Intravaginal gel for staging of female pelvic cancers – preliminary report of safety, distention, and gel-mucosal contrast during magnetic resonance examination. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2012; 36(2): 253–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0b013e3182483c05.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
