<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2022-103-1-3-15-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-710</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль сцинтиграфии и гибридной однофотонной эмиссионной томографии в сопоставлении с лабораторными данными в рамках комплексного обследования у пациентов с вторичным гиперпаратиреозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Scintigraphy and Hybrid Single-Photon Emission Tomography in Comparison with Laboratory Data in a Comprehensive Examination of Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-1897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокина</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokina</surname><given-names>V. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Евгеньевна Прокина, врач-радиолог</p><p>123182</p><p>ул. Щукинская, 20</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria Е. Prokina, Radiologist</p><p>123182</p><p>ul. Shchukinskaya, 20</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-3276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аншелес</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ansheles</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Аркадьевич Аншелес, д. м. н., вед. науч. сотр.</p><p>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е. И. Чазова»</p><p>отдел радионуклидной диагностики и позитронно-эмиссионной томографии</p><p>121552</p><p>ул. 3-я Черепковская, 15а</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlexey А. Ansheles, Dr. Med. Sc., Leading Researcher</p><p>Department of Radionuclide Diagnostics and Positron Emission Tomography</p><p>121552</p><p>ul. Tretya Cherepkovskaya, 15а</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.ansheles@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-4055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Тарасов, д. м. н., ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е. И. Чазова»</p><p>отдел клинической лабораторной диагностики</p><p>121552</p><p>ул. 3-я Черепковская, 15а</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Tarasov, Dr. Med. Sc., Senior Researcher</p><p>Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>121552</p><p>ul. Tretya Cherepkovskaya, 15а</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7936-7619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аметов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ametov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Сергеевич Аметов, д. м. н., заведующий кафедрой</p><p>ФГБУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</p><p>кафедра эндокринологии</p><p>125993</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Ametov, Dr. Med. Sc., Chief of Chair</p><p>Chair of Endocrinology</p><p>125993</p><p>ul. Barrikadnaya, 2/1, bldg 1</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0487-6902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергиенко</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergienko</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Борисович Сергиенко, д. м. н., профессор, руководитель отдела</p><p>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е. И. Чазова»</p><p>отдел радионуклидной диагностики и позитронно-эмиссионнойтомографии</p><p>121552</p><p>ул. 3-я Черепковская, 15а</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir B. Sergienko, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Department of Radionuclide Diagnostics and Positron Emission Tomography</p><p>121552</p><p>ul. Tretya Cherepkovskaya, 15а</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГКУ «Центральный клинический военный госпиталь»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Military Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Минздрав России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Cardiology named after academician E. I. Chazov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Минздрав России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>1-3</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прокина В.Е., Аншелес А.А., Тарасов А.В., Аметов А.С., Сергиенко В.Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прокина В.Е., Аншелес А.А., Тарасов А.В., Аметов А.С., Сергиенко В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prokina V.Е., Ansheles А.А., Tarasov A.V., Ametov A.S., Sergienko V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/710">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/710</self-uri><abstract><p>   Цель: оценить возможности и определить диагностическую ценность сцинтиграфии и однофотонной эмиссионной компьютерной томографии, совмещенной с компьютерной томографией (ОЭКТ/КТ) в оценке функционального состояния паращитовидных желез в сопоставлении с лабораторными данными у пациентов с вторичным гиперпаратиреозом (ВГПТ).   Материал и методы. В исследование последовательно включены 64 пациента с установленным диагнозом ВГПТ вследствие приобретенного дефицита витамина D или при терминальной хронической болезни почек (ХБП) с наличием данных ультразвукового исследования шеи и лабораторных анализов показателей нарушения кальциево-фосфорного обмена. Радионуклидное исследование области шеи и средостения с 99mTc-метоксиизобутилизонитрилом проводили в режиме планарной двухфазной сцинтиграфии по стандартному протоколу с оценкой интенсивности визуализации паращитовидной железы (ПЩЖ), а также в режиме ОЭКТ/КТ через 1 ч после инъекции радиофармпрепарата (РФП).   Результаты. В группе пациентов с ХБП вследствие ВГПТ (n = 14) отмечалось наиболее выраженное повышение уровней паратиреоидного гормона (ПТГ) (210,8 ± 103,0 против 107,0 ± 40,2 пг/мл у больных с дефицитом витамина D (n = 50, p &lt; 0,001)) и фосфора (в среднем 1,39 ± 0,51 ммоль/л), а также превышение нормальных уровней щелочной фосфатазы (407,7 ± 338,1 ед/л). У больных с дефицитом витамина D измененные ПЩЖ по данным ОЭКТ/КТ визуализировались в 8 % случаев, а у пациентов с ХБП – в 14,3 %. Достоверных различий в среднем уровне витамина D у больных с отсутствием (n = 46) и наличием (n = 4) измененных ПЩЖ по данным сцинтиграфической визуализации не наблюдалось (26,06 ± 13,19 и 25,82 ± 18,80 нг/мл соответственно, p = 0,97). Аналогичных различий в уровнях ПТГ и кальция также не отмечено: 91,3 ± 39,2 против 89,2 ± 29,5 пг/мл (p = 0,90) и 2,53 ± 0,21 против 2,58 ± 0,15 ммоль/л (p = 0,64) соответственно.   Заключение. ОЭКТ/КТ области шеи является ключевым методом топической визуализации измененных ПЩЖ при предоперационной подготовке пациентов с ВГПТ при ХБП. Метод может иметь диагностическую ценность у резистентных к лечению больных с дефицитом витамина D и верхненормальными уровнями ПТГ и кальция в плане выявления нодулярной формы гиперплазии ПЩЖ. Выполнение ОЭКТ/КТ через 1 ч после инъекции РФП повышает чувствительность исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective: to estimate the possibilities and determine the diagnostic value of scintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in the assessment of the functional state of parathyroids in comparison with laboratory data in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).   Material and methods. The study consistently included 64 patients with the established diagnosis of SHPT due to the acquired vitamin D deficiency or with terminal chronic kidney disease (CKD), with the presence of ultrasound data and laboratory tests of calcium-phosphoric exchange indicators. Neck and mediastum nuclear study with 99mTc-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (MIBI) was performed in the planar two-phase scintigraphy mode according to the standard protocol with an estimation of parathyroid visualization intensity, as well as in SPECT/CT performed 1 hour after MIBI injection.   Results. In the group of patients with CKD as a cause of SHPT (n = 14), the most pronounced increase of parathyroid hormone (PTH) level (210.8 ± 103.0 vs. 107.0 ± 40.2 pg/ml in patients with vitamin D deficiency (n = 50, p &lt; 0.001)) and phosphorus (mean 1.39 ± 0.51 mmol/l), as well as excess of normal levels of alkaline phosphatase (407.7 ± 338.1 units/l) were noted. In patients with vitamin D deficiency, impaired parathyroids according to SPECT/CT data was visualized in 8 % of cases, and in patients with CKD in 14.3 %. No significant differences in the mean levels of vitamin D in patients with (n = 46) and without (n = 4) modified parathyroids according to scintigraphy were detected: 26.06 ± 13.19 vs. 25.82 ± 18.80 ng/ml, respectively (p = 0.97). Differences in PTH and calcium levels were not observed: 91.3 ± 39.2 vs. 89.2 ± 29.5 pg/ml (p = 0.90), 2.53 ± 0.21 vs. 2.58 ± 0,15 mmol/l (p = 0.64), respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The neck SPECT/CT is a key method of topical imaging of impaired parathyroids in preoperative preparation of patients with SHPT caused by CKD. The method may have a diagnostic value in treatment-resistant patients with vitamin D deficiency and upper-normal PTH and calcium levels in terms of detection of the nodular form of parathyroid hyperplasia. The implementation of SPECT/CT after 1 hour after MIBI injection increases the sensitivity of the study.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сцинтиграфия</kwd><kwd>однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>вторичный гиперпаратиреоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scintigraphy</kwd><kwd>single-photon emission computed tomography</kwd><kwd>secondary hyperparathyroidism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palestro C. J., Tomas M. B., Tronco G. G. Radionuclide imaging of the parathyroid glands. Semin Nucl Med. 2005; 35 (4): 266–76. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2005.06.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palestro C. J., Tomas M. B., Tronco G. G. Radionuclide imaging of the parathyroid glands. Semin Nucl Med. 2005; 35 (4): 266–76. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2005.06.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almquist M., Isaksson E., Clyne N. The treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2020; 27 (1): R21–34. http://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-19-0284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almquist M., Isaksson E., Clyne N. The treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2020; 27 (1): R21–34. http://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-19-0284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lau W. L., Obi Y., Kalantar-Zadeh K. Parathyroidectomy in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018; 13 (6): 952–61. URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29523679/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lau W. L., Obi Y., Kalantar-Zadeh K. Parathyroidectomy in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018; 13 (6): 952–61. URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29523679/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chakhtoura M. T., Nakhoul N. N., Shawwa K., et al. Hypovitaminosis D in bariatric surgery: a systematic review of observational studies. Metabolism. 2016; 65 (4): 574–85. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.12.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chakhtoura M. T., Nakhoul N. N., Shawwa K., et al. Hypovitaminosis D in bariatric surgery: a systematic review of observational studies. Metabolism. 2016; 65 (4): 574–85. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.12.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Da W., Tao L., Zhu Y. The role of osteoclast energy metabolism in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021; 12: 675385. http://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.675385.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Da W., Tao L., Zhu Y. The role of osteoclast energy metabolism in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021; 12: 675385. http://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.675385.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яневская Л. Г. Первичный гиперпаратиреоз: клинические формы и их особенности / Л. Г. Яневская [и др.] // Результаты ретроспективного исследования. Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология. – 2019. – 15 (1): 19–29. https://doi.org/10.14341/ket10213. [Yanevskaya L. G., Karonova T. L., Sleptsov I. V., et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism: clinical forms and their features. Retrospective study. Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology. 2019; 15 (1): 19–29 (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.14341/ket10213. ]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Яневская Л. Г. Первичный гиперпаратиреоз: клинические формы и их особенности / Л. Г. Яневская [и др.] // Результаты ретроспективного исследования. Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология. – 2019. – 15 (1): 19–29. https://doi.org/10.14341/ket10213. [Yanevskaya L. G., Karonova T. L., Sleptsov I. V., et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism: clinical forms and their features. Retrospective study. Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology. 2019; 15 (1): 19–29 (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.14341/ket10213. ]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giustina A., Adler R. A., Binkley N., et al. Consensus statement from 2nd International Conference on Controversies in Vitamin D. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2020; 21 (1): 89–116. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-019-09532-w.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giustina A., Adler R. A., Binkley N., et al. Consensus statement from 2nd International Conference on Controversies in Vitamin D. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2020; 21 (1): 89–116. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-019-09532-w.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокрышева Н. Г. Первичный гиперпаратиреоз в России по данным регистра. Проблемы эндокринологии / Н. Г. Мокрышева [и др.] – 2019. – 65 (5): 300–10. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl10126. [Mokrysheva N. G., Mirnaia S. S., Dobreva E. A., et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in Russia according to the registry. Problems of Endocrinology. 2019; 65 (5): 300–10 (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.14341/probl10126 ]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мокрышева Н. Г. Первичный гиперпаратиреоз в России по данным регистра. Проблемы эндокринологии / Н. Г. Мокрышева [и др.] – 2019. – 65 (5): 300–10. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl10126. [Mokrysheva N. G., Mirnaia S. S., Dobreva E. A., et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in Russia according to the registry. Problems of Endocrinology. 2019; 65 (5): 300–10 (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.14341/probl10126 ]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilezikian J. P., Brandi M. L., Eastell R., et al. Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement from the Fourth International Workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99 (10): 3561–9. http://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-1413.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilezikian J. P., Brandi M. L., Eastell R., et al. Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement from the Fourth International Workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99 (10): 3561–9. http://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-1413.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Первичный гиперпаратиреоз. Клинические рекомендации. – 2020. URL: http://disuria.ru/_ld/11/1116_kr20E21D35C75MZ.pdf (дата обращения 04. 05. 2022). [Primary hyperparathyroidism. Clinical recommendations. 2020. Available at: http://disuria.ru/_ld/11/1116_kr20E21D35C75MZ.pdf (in Russ) (accessed 04. 05. 2022).]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Первичный гиперпаратиреоз. Клинические рекомендации. – 2020. URL: http://disuria.ru/_ld/11/1116_kr20E21D35C75MZ.pdf (дата обращения 04. 05. 2022). [Primary hyperparathyroidism. Clinical recommendations. 2020. Available at: http://disuria.ru/_ld/11/1116_kr20E21D35C75MZ.pdf (in Russ) (accessed 04. 05. 2022).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Efared B., Sani R., Tahiri L., et al. Comparative analysis of clinicopathologic features between adenoma and hyperplasia in surgically treated patients for hyperparathyroidism: a retrospective study. Ann Med Surg. 2021; 71: 102929. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102929.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Efared B., Sani R., Tahiri L., et al. Comparative analysis of clinicopathologic features between adenoma and hyperplasia in surgically treated patients for hyperparathyroidism: a retrospective study. Ann Med Surg. 2021; 71: 102929. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102929.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокрышева Н. Г. Трудности дифференциальной диагностики между первичной и вторичной формами гиперпаратиреоза. Ожирение и метаболизм / Н. Г. Мокрышева [и др.] – 2017. – 14 (3): 48–53. http://doi.org/10.14341/omet2017348-53. [Mokrysheva N. G., Eremkina A. K., Mirnaya S. S., Kovaleva E. V. Challenges in differential diagnosis between primary and secondary forms of hyperparathyroidism. Obesity and Metabolism. 2017; 14 (3): 48–53 (in Russ). http://doi.org/10.14341/omet2017348-53 .]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мокрышева Н. Г. Трудности дифференциальной диагностики между первичной и вторичной формами гиперпаратиреоза. Ожирение и метаболизм / Н. Г. Мокрышева [и др.] – 2017. – 14 (3): 48–53. http://doi.org/10.14341/omet2017348-53. [Mokrysheva N. G., Eremkina A. K., Mirnaya S. S., Kovaleva E. V. Challenges in differential diagnosis between primary and secondary forms of hyperparathyroidism. Obesity and Metabolism. 2017; 14 (3): 48–53 (in Russ). http://doi.org/10.14341/omet2017348-53 .]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demiralay E., Altaca G., Demirhan B. Morphological evaluation of parathyroid adenomas and immunohistochemical analysis of PCNA and Ki-67 proliferation markers. Turk Patoloji Derg. 2011; 27 (3): 215–20. http://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2011.01078.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demiralay E., Altaca G., Demirhan B. Morphological evaluation of parathyroid adenomas and immunohistochemical analysis of PCNA and Ki-67 proliferation markers. Turk Patoloji Derg. 2011; 27 (3): 215–20. http://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2011.01078.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCann L. M., Beto J. Roles of calcium-sensing receptor and vitamin D receptor in the pathophysiology of secondary hyperparathyroidism. J Ren Nutr. 2010; 20 (3): 141–50. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2010.01.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCann L. M., Beto J. Roles of calcium-sensing receptor and vitamin D receptor in the pathophysiology of secondary hyperparathyroidism. J Ren Nutr. 2010; 20 (3): 141–50. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2010.01.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tripkovic L., Lambert H., Hart K., et al. Comparison of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 supplementation in raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012; 95 (6): 1357–64. http://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.031070.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tripkovic L., Lambert H., Hart K., et al. Comparison of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 supplementation in raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012; 95 (6): 1357–64. http://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.031070.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tokumoto M., Taniguchi M. The mechanisms of parathyroid hyperplasia and its regression. Clin Calcium. 2007; 17 (5): 665–76 (in Japanese). URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17470994/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tokumoto M., Taniguchi M. The mechanisms of parathyroid hyperplasia and its regression. Clin Calcium. 2007; 17 (5): 665–76 (in Japanese). URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17470994/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lou I., Foley D., Odorico S. K., et al. How well does renal transplantation cure hyperparathyroidism? Ann Surg. 2015; 262 (4): 653–9. http://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000001431.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lou I., Foley D., Odorico S. K., et al. How well does renal transplantation cure hyperparathyroidism? Ann Surg. 2015; 262 (4): 653–9. http://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000001431.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jager M. D., Serttas M., Beneke J., et al. Risk-factors for nodular hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in sHPT patients. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (10): e0186093. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186093.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jager M. D., Serttas M., Beneke J., et al. Risk-factors for nodular hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in sHPT patients. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (10): e0186093. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186093.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Артемова А. М. Возможности УЗ-томографии в диагностике вторичного гиперпаратиреоза при хронической почечной недостаточности / А. М. Артемова [и др.] // Нефрология и диализ. – 2001. – 3 (2): 147–61. [Artemova A. M., Smorshchok V. N., Kuznetsov N. S., Bel’tsevich D. G. Opportunities of ultrasonic tomography in the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism with chronic renal failure. Nephrology and Dialysis. 2001; 3 (2): 147–61 (in Russ).]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Артемова А. М. Возможности УЗ-томографии в диагностике вторичного гиперпаратиреоза при хронической почечной недостаточности / А. М. Артемова [и др.] // Нефрология и диализ. – 2001. – 3 (2): 147–61. [Artemova A. M., Smorshchok V. N., Kuznetsov N. S., Bel’tsevich D. G. Opportunities of ultrasonic tomography in the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism with chronic renal failure. Nephrology and Dialysis. 2001; 3 (2): 147–61 (in Russ).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petranovic Ovcaricek P., Giovanella L., Carrio Gasset I., et al. The EANM practice guidelines for parathyroid imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021; 48 (9): 2801–22. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05334-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petranovic Ovcaricek P., Giovanella L., Carrio Gasset I., et al. The EANM practice guidelines for parathyroid imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021; 48 (9): 2801–22. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05334-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паша С. П. Клиническая значимость радионуклидных методов визуализации паращитовидных желез при гиперпаратиреозе / С. П. Паша // Российский электронный журнал лучевой диагностики. – 2015. – 5 (3): 11–21. [Pasha S. P. Radionuclide visualization of parathyroid glands and their clinical role in hyperparathyroidism. Russian Electronic Journal of Radiology. 2015; 5 (3): 11–21 (in Russ).]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Паша С. П. Клиническая значимость радионуклидных методов визуализации паращитовидных желез при гиперпаратиреозе / С. П. Паша // Российский электронный журнал лучевой диагностики. – 2015. – 5 (3): 11–21. [Pasha S. P. Radionuclide visualization of parathyroid glands and their clinical role in hyperparathyroidism. Russian Electronic Journal of Radiology. 2015; 5 (3): 11–21 (in Russ).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong K. K., Fig L. M., Gross M. D., et al. Parathyroid adenoma localization with 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT. Nucl Med Commun. 2015; 36 (4): 363–75. http://doi.org/10.1097/mnm.0000000000000262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wong K. K., Fig L. M., Gross M. D., et al. Parathyroid adenoma localization with 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT. Nucl Med Commun. 2015; 36 (4): 363–75. http://doi.org/10.1097/mnm.0000000000000262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Listewnik M. H., Piwowarska-Bilska H., Safranow K., et al. The diagnostic value of dual-phase SPECT/CT scintigraphy based on transport kinetics of 99mTc-sestamibi confirmed with histopathological findings in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism – practical consideration. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 2020; 23 (2): 71–7. http://doi.org/10.5603/NMR.a2020.0017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Listewnik M. H., Piwowarska-Bilska H., Safranow K., et al. The diagnostic value of dual-phase SPECT/CT scintigraphy based on transport kinetics of 99mTc-sestamibi confirmed with histopathological findings in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism – practical consideration. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 2020; 23 (2): 71–7. http://doi.org/10.5603/NMR.a2020.0017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li P., Liu Q., Tang D., et al. Lesion based diagnostic performance of dual phase (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging and ultrasonography in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. BMC Med Imaging. 2017; 17 (1): 60. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-017-0235-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li P., Liu Q., Tang D., et al. Lesion based diagnostic performance of dual phase (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging and ultrasonography in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. BMC Med Imaging. 2017; 17 (1): 60. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-017-0235-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michaud L., Balogova S., Burgess A., et al. A pilot comparison of 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT, ultrasonography and 123I/99mTc-sestaMIBI dual-phase dual-isotope scintigraphy in the preoperative localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism: influence of thyroid anomalies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94 (41): e1701. http://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000001701.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michaud L., Balogova S., Burgess A., et al. A pilot comparison of 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT, ultrasonography and 123I/99mTc-sestaMIBI dual-phase dual-isotope scintigraphy in the preoperative localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism: influence of thyroid anomalies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94 (41): e1701. http://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000001701.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheon M., Choi J. Y., Chung J. H., et al. Differential findings of Tc-99m sestamibi dual-phase parathyroid scintigraphy between benign and malignant parathyroid lesions in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011; 45 (4): 276–84. http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-011-0103-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheon M., Choi J. Y., Chung J. H., et al. Differential findings of Tc-99m sestamibi dual-phase parathyroid scintigraphy between benign and malignant parathyroid lesions in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011; 45 (4): 276–84. http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-011-0103-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman K., Somervell H., Patel P., et al. Effect of calcium channel blockers on the sensitivity of preoperative 99mTc-MIBI SPECT for hyperparathyroidism. Surgery. 2004; 136 (6): 1199–204. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2004.06.047.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman K., Somervell H., Patel P., et al. Effect of calcium channel blockers on the sensitivity of preoperative 99mTc-MIBI SPECT for hyperparathyroidism. Surgery. 2004; 136 (6): 1199–204. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2004.06.047.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hung G. U., Wu H. S., Tsai S. C., et al. Recurrent hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland demonstrated on radionuclide imaging and an intraoperative gamma probe. Clin Nucl Med. 2000; 25 (5): 348–50. http://doi.org/10.1097/00003072-200005000-00005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hung G. U., Wu H. S., Tsai S. C., et al. Recurrent hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland demonstrated on radionuclide imaging and an intraoperative gamma probe. Clin Nucl Med. 2000; 25 (5): 348–50. http://doi.org/10.1097/00003072-200005000-00005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lomonte C., Buonvino N., Selvaggiolo M., et al. Sestamibi scintigraphy, topography, and histopathology of parathyroid glands in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006; 48 (4): 638–44. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.06.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lomonte C., Buonvino N., Selvaggiolo M., et al. Sestamibi scintigraphy, topography, and histopathology of parathyroid glands in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006; 48 (4): 638–44. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.06.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang R., Zhang Z., Huang P., et al. Diagnostic performance of ultrasonography, dual-phase (99m)Tc-MIBI scintigraphy, early and delayed (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT in preoperative parathyroid gland localization in secondary hyperparathyroidism. BMC Med Imaging. 2020; 20 (1): 91. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-020-00490-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang R., Zhang Z., Huang P., et al. Diagnostic performance of ultrasonography, dual-phase (99m)Tc-MIBI scintigraphy, early and delayed (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT in preoperative parathyroid gland localization in secondary hyperparathyroidism. BMC Med Imaging. 2020; 20 (1): 91. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-020-00490-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torregrosa J. V., Félez I., Fuster D. Usefulness of imaging techniques in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nefrologia. 2010; 30 (2): 158–67 (in Spanish). http://doi.org/10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2010.Jan.10231.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torregrosa J. V., Félez I., Fuster D. Usefulness of imaging techniques in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nefrologia. 2010; 30 (2): 158–67 (in Spanish). http://doi.org/10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2010.Jan.10231.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fuster D., Ybarra J., Torregrosa J. V., et al. Double-phase parathyroid 99mTc-Sestamibi scintigraphy in chronic haemodialysis patients: correlation with biochemical markers of parathyroid function. Nucl Med Commun. 2003; 24 (1): 85–90. http://doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200301000-00019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fuster D., Ybarra J., Torregrosa J. V., et al. Double-phase parathyroid 99mTc-Sestamibi scintigraphy in chronic haemodialysis patients: correlation with biochemical markers of parathyroid function. Nucl Med Commun. 2003; 24 (1): 85–90. http://doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200301000-00019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
