<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Магнитно-резонансная томография в диагностике вторичного опухолевого поражения влагалища</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of secondary vaginal tumor involvement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуднов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nudnov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, заместитель директора по науке</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Deputy Director for Science</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenova</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. научно-исследовательского отдела новых технологий и семиотики лучевой диагностики заболеваний органов и систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate of Research Department for New Technologies and Semiotics in the Radiodiagnosis of Diseases of Organs and Systems</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крейнина</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kreynina</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., вед. науч. сотр. лаборатории лучевой терапии научно-исследовательского отдела инновационных технологий радиотерапии и химиолучевого лечения злокачественных новообразований</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Leading Research Associate of Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Research Department for Innovative Technologies of Radiation and Chemoradiation Therapies for Malignancies</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котляров</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotlyarov</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, руководитель научно-исследовательского отдела новых технологий и семиотики лучевой диагностики заболеваний органов и систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Chief of Research Department of New Technologiesand Semiotics in the Radiodiagnosis of Diseases of Organs and Systems</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Rоentgenoradiology, Ministry of Health of the RF</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>68</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нуднов Н.В., Аксенова С.П., Крейнина Ю.М., Котляров П.М., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нуднов Н.В., Аксенова С.П., Крейнина Ю.М., Котляров П.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nudnov N.V., Aksenova S.P., Kreynina Y.M., Kotlyarov P.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/68">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/68</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – изучить возможности МРТ в выявлении и оценке местной распространенности вторичного поражения влагалища.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. У 30 пациенток с вторичным опухолевым поражением влагалища проведено магнитно-резонансное исследование с внутривенным контрастированием. Исследования выполняли на высокопольном магнитном томографе, с напряженностью магнитного поля 1,5 Т. Протокол исследования включал выполнение Т2- и Т1-взвешенных изображений (ВИ), диффузионно-взвешенного изображения, динамического контрастного усиления. Для расправления складчатости стенок влагалища исследование проводили с внутриполостным МР-совместимым аппликатором.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Метастатическое поражение влагалища выявлено у 30 пациенток с перенесенными злокачественными новообразованиями разной локализации. Наиболее многочисленную группу составили больные с метастазами рака тела матки – 16 (53,3%) человек. Вторичное поражение влагалища наблюдалось у 11 (36,7%) пациенток при раке шейки матки, у 2 (6,7%) – при прогрессировании рака яичников и у 1 (3,3%) – с раком прямой кишки. При значительном объеме опухоли, приводящем к утолщению стенки влагалища или нарушению ее послойной дифференцировки, определялся участок неоднородно повышенного МР-сигнала на Т2-ВИ, интенсивно накапливающий парамагнетик в артериальную и венозную фазы динамического контрастного усиления. При инвазивном процессе отмечались отсутствие визуализации гипоинтенсивного на Т2-ВИ мышечного слоя и тяжистость паракольпийной клетчатки. В нашем исследовании метастатические опухоли влагалища, ограниченные слизистой оболочкой и проявляющиеся в виде неглубокой эрозии по данным клинического осмотра и гистологического исследования, не имели специфических МР-признаков ни в одной импульсной последовательности, что, вероятно, связано с разрешающей способностью метода.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенный протокол комплексной магнитно-резонансной томографии позволяет четко локализовать опухолевый процесс во влагалище, определить объем и характер поражения у большинства пациенток, в том числе перенесших противоопухолевое лечение в анамнезе.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to estimate the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in revealing and estimating the extent of secondary vaginal involvement.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Thirty patients with secondary vaginal tumor involvement underwent contrast-enhanced MRI. Examinations were made using a 1.5 T MRI. The protocol encompassed T2- and T1-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and dynamic contrastenhanced MRIs. To smooth out vaginal wall rigosity, the examination was made using an intracavitary MR-compatible applicator.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Vaginal metastatic involvement was detected in 30 patients with sustained malignancies at various sites. The largest group consisted of 16 (53.3%) patients with uterine corpus metastases. Secondary vaginal involvement was observed in 11 36.7%) patients with cervix uteri cancer, in 2 (6.7%) patients with progressive ovarian cancer, and in 1 (3.3%) patients with rectal cancer. With a significant tumor volume giving rise to thickening of the vaginal wall or its impaired slice differentiation, the portion of an inhomogeneously increased MR signal portion during T2-weighted MRI, which intensively accumulated the paramagnetic in an arterial and venous phase of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, was detected. There were no T2-weighted images of a hypointense muscular layer and paravaginal fat streaks during an invasive process. In our investigation, vaginal metastatic tumors which were enclosed by the mucous membrane and evident as shallow erosion, as shown by the data of clinical and   рistological examinations, had no specific MRI signs in any of the pulse patterns, which is likely to be associated with the resolution of this technique.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed protocol of comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging makes it possible to clearly localize a tumor process into the vagina and to determine the volume and pattern of involvement in most patients, including whose who have a history of antitumor treatment.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>томография</kwd><kwd>метастатическое поражение влагалища</kwd><kwd>гинекологический рак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>vaginal metastatic involvement</kwd><kwd>gynecologic cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bokhman Ya.V. Guide gynecological oncology. St. Petersburg: Meditsina; 2002 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bokhman Ya.V. Guide gynecological oncology. St. Petersburg: Meditsina; 2002 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubtsova N.A., Novikova E.G., Sinitsyn V.E. The role of diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent tumors of the uterus. Radiologiya– praktika. 2012; 4: 41–54 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubtsova N.A., Novikova E.G., Sinitsyn V.E. The role of diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent tumors of the uterus. Radiologiya– praktika. 2012; 4: 41–54 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopez C., Balogun M., Ganesan R. et al. MRI of vaginal conditions. Clin. Radiol. 2005; 60: 648–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopez C., Balogun M., Ganesan R. et al. MRI of vaginal conditions. Clin. Radiol. 2005; 60: 648–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor M.B., Dugar N., Davidson S.E. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of primary vaginal carcinoma. Clin. Radiol. 2007; 62 (6): 549–55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor M.B., Dugar N., Davidson S.E. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of primary vaginal carcinoma. Clin. Radiol. 2007; 62 (6): 549–55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Donato V., Bellati F., Fischetti M. et al. Vaginal cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2012; 81 (3): 286–95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Donato V., Bellati F., Fischetti M. et al. Vaginal cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2012; 81 (3): 286–95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blecharz P., Reinfuss M., Jakubowicz J. et al. Effectiveness of radiotherapy in patients with primary invasive vaginal carcinoma. Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oncol. 2013; 34 (5): 436–41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blecharz P., Reinfuss M., Jakubowicz J. et al. Effectiveness of radiotherapy in patients with primary invasive vaginal carcinoma. Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oncol. 2013; 34 (5): 436–41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubtsova N.A., Novikova E.G. Errors of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of cervical cancer and endometrial. Luchevaya diagnostika i terapiya. 2013; 3: 71–6 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubtsova N.A., Novikova E.G. Errors of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of cervical cancer and endometrial. Luchevaya diagnostika i terapiya. 2013; 3: 71–6 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubtsova N.A. Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis, planning and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of cervical and endometrial cancer. Dr. med. sci. dis. Moscow; 2013 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubtsova N.A. Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis, planning and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of cervical and endometrial cancer. Dr. med. sci. dis. Moscow; 2013 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang Y.C.F., Hricak H., Thurnher S. et al. Vagina: evaluation with MR imaging. Part 2. Neoplasms. Radiology. 1988; 169: 175–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang Y.C.F., Hricak H., Thurnher S. et al. Vagina: evaluation with MR imaging. Part 2. Neoplasms. Radiology. 1988; 169: 175–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parikh F.H., Barton D.P., Ind T.E. et al. MR imaging features of vaginal malignancies. Radiographics. 2008; 28 (1): 49–63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parikh F.H., Barton D.P., Ind T.E. et al. MR imaging features of vaginal malignancies. Radiographics. 2008; 28 (1): 49–63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thoeny H.C., Ross B.D. Predicting and monitoring сancer treatment response with DW-MRI. J. Magn.Reson. Imaging. 2010; 32 (1): 2–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thoeny H.C., Ross B.D. Predicting and monitoring сancer treatment response with DW-MRI. J. Magn.Reson. Imaging. 2010; 32 (1): 2–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Papaioannou G., Koussidis G., Michala L. Magnetic resonance imaging visualization of a vaginal septum. J. Fertil. Steril. 2011; 96 (5): 1193–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Papaioannou G., Koussidis G., Michala L. Magnetic resonance imaging visualization of a vaginal septum. J. Fertil. Steril. 2011; 96 (5): 1193–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology, Staging classifications and clinical practice guidelines for gynecologic cancer. Int. J. Gynecol. Obst. 2000; 70: 207–312.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology, Staging classifications and clinical practice guidelines for gynecologic cancer. Int. J. Gynecol. Obst. 2000; 70: 207–312.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yagci G., Cetiner S., Dede M. et al. True vaginal metastasis of rectal cancer. Indian. J. Surg. 2005; 67:270–2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yagci G., Cetiner S., Dede M. et al. True vaginal metastasis of rectal cancer. Indian. J. Surg. 2005; 67:270–2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marchal F., Leroux A., Hoffstetter S. et al. Vaginal metastasis revealing colon adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Colorectal. Dis. 2006; 21: 861–2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marchal F., Leroux A., Hoffstetter S. et al. Vaginal metastasis revealing colon adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Colorectal. Dis. 2006; 21: 861–2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Filatova E.I. Primary cancer of the vagina. Diagnosis and therapeutic tactics. Prakticheskaya onkologiya. 2006; 7 (4): 228–35 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filatova E.I. Primary cancer of the vagina. Diagnosis and therapeutic tactics. Prakticheskaya onkologiya. 2006; 7 (4): 228–35 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Turkevich G.V. Radiation treatment of primary and metastatic cancer of the vagina. Prakticheskaya onkologiya. 2006; 4: 236–45 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turkevich G.V. Radiation treatment of primary and metastatic cancer of the vagina. Prakticheskaya onkologiya. 2006; 4: 236–45 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ESMO Gynecological Cancer Guidelines. 2014. http://www.esmo.org/clinicalguidelines.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ESMO Gynecological Cancer Guidelines. 2014. http://www.esmo.org/clinicalguidelines.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kazumova A.A. Ultrasound diagnosis of tumors of the vagina and vulva: PhD med. sci. dis. Obninsk; 2010 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazumova A.A. Ultrasound diagnosis of tumors of the vagina and vulva: PhD med. sci. dis. Obninsk; 2010 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
