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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2015-0-3-18-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-65</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Является ли супрастенотическая дилатация обязательным симптомом нарушения оттока желчи?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Is suprastenotic dilatation a mandatory symptom of impaired bile outflow?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрченко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurchenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры хирургии, акушерства и гинекологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of Department of Surgery, Obstetrics, and Gynecology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВПО «Балтийский федеральный университет им. И. Канта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юрченко В.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юрченко В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yurchenko V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/65">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/65</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – изучение частоты, природы и симптоматики нарушений оттока желчи, протекающих без формирования супрастенотического расширения.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Под наблюдением находились 1082 пациента, которым с целью дифференциальной диагностики желтухи разной  природы проводилась эндоскопическая ретроградная   холангиопанкреатография. В зависимости от диаметра общего желчного протока пациенты были распределены на группы с холангиоэктазией и без неё. Изучались причины нарушений эвакуации желчи, уровень билирубина, печёночных трансфераз и щёлочной фосфатазы,  длительность механической желтухи и её периодичность, существование протяжённой компрессии супрастенотического расширения, встречаемость других симптомов и эффективность  дополнительных способов дифференциальной диагностики печёночной и механической желтухи.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Отсутствие супрастенотического расширения было отмечено в 11 наблюдениях: при блоках гепатикохоледоха   нециркулярной (аморфной) внутренней организации, рубцовых стенозах гепатикохоледоха, обильном метастазировании в ворота и паренхиму печени, когда протяжённый стеноз общего печёночного протока не  приводит к внутрипечёночной холангиоэктазии. В 9 наблюдениях при визуализации стеноза магистральных желчных протоков для выяснения природы и степени стеноза, а также его ригидности использовали инструментальную пальпацию и аспирационную биопсию. Для дифференциальной диагностики желтухи применялось эндобилиарное стентирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У 0,8% пациентов с нарушением оттока желчи органической природы отсутствует супрастенотическое расширение. В этих случаях о препятствии оттоку желчи могут свидетельствовать чёткообразные колебания диаметра гепатикохоледоха и его деформация. Частично объяснить отсутствие супрастенотического расширения возможно обильным метастатическим поражением печени и злокачественной инфильтрацией гепатодуоденальной связки. Для дифференциальной</p><p>диагностики механической и печёночной желтухи при отсутствии супрастенотического расширения возможно использование инструментальной пальпации и эндобилиарного стентирования с последующей оценкой динамики уровня билирубина, аспирационной биопсией.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the rate, nature, and symptoms of bile flow impairments running without developing suprastenotic dilatation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A total of 1082 patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for the differential diagnosis of jaundices were followed up. According to the diameter of the common bile duct, the patients were classified into cholangioectasia and non-cholangioectasia groups. The investigators studied the causes of bile evacuation disorders; the levels of bilirubin, hepatic transferases, and alkaline phosphatase; the duration and periodicity of obstructive jaundice; еxtended compression of suprastenotic dilatation; the occurrence of other symptoms; and the efficiency of additional procedures for the differential diagnosis of hepatic and obstructive jaundices.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. There was no suprastenotic dilatation in 11 cases: in noncircular   amorphous internal hepatocholedochal blocks, in cicatrical stenoses of the hepatocholedoch, in excessive metastatic spread into the hepatic portal and parenchyma, extended stenosis of the common bile duct does not lead to intrahepatic cholangiectasia. In 9 cases, instrumental palpation and aspiration biopsy were used to visualize common bile duct stenosis in order to elucidate its nature, degree, and rigidity. Endobiliary stenting was employed for the differential diagnosis of jaundices. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. No suprastenotic dilatation was seen in 0.8% of patients with organic bile flow impairment. In these cases, obstacles to bile flow may be suggested by clear-cut variations in the diameter of the hepaticocholedoch and its deformity. The absence of suprastenotic dilatation may be partly explained by excessive metastatic liver involvement and malignant hepatoduodenal ligament infiltration. When suprastenotic dilatation is absent, instrumental palpation and diagnostic and therapeutic stenting may be used for the differential diagnosis of obstructive and hepatic jaundices.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндоскопическая ретроградная холангиопанкреатография</kwd><kwd>эндобилиарное стентирование</kwd><kwd>нарушения оттока желчи</kwd><kwd>желтуха</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography</kwd><kwd>endobiliary stenting</kwd><kwd>impaired bile flow</kwd><kwd>jaundice</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cotton P.B., Leung J.W. Advanced digestive endoscopy: ERCP. USA: Wiley-Blackwell; 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cotton P.B., Leung J.W. Advanced digestive endoscopy: ERCP. 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