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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-64</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Многосрезовая компьютерная томография в диагностике переломов глазниц</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multislice computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital fractures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of Department of Radiation Diagnosis and Radiotherapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the RF</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>64</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлова О.Ю., Серова Н.С., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлова О.Ю., Серова Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlova O.Y., Serova N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/64">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/64</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – совершенствование лучевой диагностики переломов глазницы на до- и послеоперационных этапах лечения, обоснование необходимости детальной оценки костных и мягкотканых структур глазницы для предотвращения развития ранних послеоперационных осложнений.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В клинике Первого МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова были обследованы 52 пациента на 1–2-й день после травмы. Среди них было 49 (94%) мужчин и 3 (6%) женщин</p><p>в возрасте от 17 до 49 лет. Многосрезовая компьютерная томография (МСКТ) до операции была выполнена в день поступления. Послеоперационная МСКТ проводилась в течение 7–10 дней после хирургического лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В предоперационном периоде МСКТ позволила выявить переломы нижней и латеральной стенок глазницы у всех 52 пациентов. В 8 (15%) случаях определялся перелом медиальной стенки глазницы, в 3 (6%) – перелом верхней стенки. У 12 (23%) пациентов визуализировалось пролабирование жировой клетчатки и глазодвигательных мышц в соответствующий верхнечелюстной синус, что приводило к образованию энофтальма с увеличением объема глазницы. У 3 (6%) пациентов определялись последствия травматического повреждения глазного яблока. Патология зрительного нерва выявлена у 11 (21%), повреждение глазодвигательных мышц – у 20 (38%) пациентов. После хирургического лечения у 4 (8%) больных сохранялся дефект нижней стенки глазницы в задних отделах, где</p><p>ретробульбарная клетчатка пролабировала в верхнечелюстной синус. Из 20 (38%) пациентов с различной патологией глазодвигательных мышц после операции в 3 (6%) случаях сохранялись повреждения мышц, которые в основном были связаны с некорректной установкой имплантата дна глазницы. Число пациентов с патологией глазного яблока не изменилось – 3 (6%). Из 11 (21%) пациентов с патологически измененным извитым ходом нерва после операции у 5 (10%) зрительный нерв приобрел правильный ровный ход на всем протяжении, у 6 (12%) зрительный нерв остался в прежнем патологическом состоянии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В предоперационном периоде МСКТ является методом выбора при обследовании пациентов с травмами глазницы. Выполнение МСКТ в раннем послеоперационном периоде позволяет оценить результаты лечения, выявить возможные осложнения, а также играет решающую роль при планировании повторного вмешательства лечащим врачом.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to improve radiodiagnosis of orbital fractures at pre- and postoperative treatment stages, to provide a rationale for detailed evaluation of orbital osseous and soft tissue structures to prevent early postoperative complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State   Medical University Clinic examined 52 (100%) patients on days 1–2 after injury. A patient group consisted of 49 (94%) men and 3 (6%) women whose age was 17 to 49 years. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) was carried out prior to surgery on the day of their admission. Postoperative MSCT was done within 7–10 days after surgical treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Preoperative MSCT could reveal fractures of the inferior and lateral orbital walls in all 52 (100%) patients. Fractures of the medial and superior orbital walls were identified in 8 (15%) and 3 (6%) cases, respectively. In 12 (23%) patients, prolapse of the fat and oculomotor muscles into the respective maxillary sinus was imaged, which gave rise to enophthalmos and an increase in orbital volume. Three (6%) patients were identified as having sequels of   eyeball trauma. Optic nerve abnormality was detected in 11 (21%) patients. Oculomotor muscle injury was encountered in 20 (38%) patients. After surgical treatment, 4 (8%) patients had a persistent inferior orbital wall defect in the posterior portions where the retrobulbar fat prolapsed into the maxillary sinus. Three (6%) out of the 20 (38%) patients with different oculomotor abnormalities had persistent postoperative muscle injuries that were mainly associated with erroneous orbital floor implantation. The number of patients with eyeball disease remained unchanged – 3 (6%). Among 11 (21%) patients with a postoperative pathologically changed tortuous nerve course, the optic nerve attained its correct even course all the way in 5 (10%) cases; it remained pathologically changed as before in 6 (12%) cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. MSCT is the preoperative technique of choice for examining patients with orbital injuries. After surgery, MSCT in the early postoperative period makes it possible to assess the results of treatment and to reveal possible complications and it is a decisive guide for a doctor in charge when planning resurgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>переломы глазницы</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения</kwd><kwd>лучевая диагностика</kwd><kwd>мультисрезовая компьютерная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orbital fractures</kwd><kwd>postoperative complications</kwd><kwd>radiodiagnosis</kwd><kwd>multislice computed tomography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dubrovin M.S., Kopetskiy I.S., Polunin V.S. Medical and social characteristics of patients with maxillofacial injuries. 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