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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-175-182</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-568</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сложности дифференциальной диагностики трахеобронхомегалии у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Difficulties in the Differential Diagnosis of Tracheobronchomegaly in Children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-8778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Il’ina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильина Наталья Александровна, д. м. н., доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики, врач-рентгенолог</p><p>ул. Кирочная, 41, Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal’ya A. Il’ina, Dr. Med. Sc., Associate Professor of Radiology Chair, Radiologist</p><p>ul. Kirochnaya, 41, St.Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilyina-natal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8675-816X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>Л. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorob’eva</surname><given-names>L. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьева Лидия Евгеньевна, врач-рентгенолог</p><p>Ломоносовский пр-т, 2, стр. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lidiya E. Vorob’eva, Radiologist</p><p>Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, 2, stroenie 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакрадзе</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakradze</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бакрадзе Майя Джемаловна, д. м. н., профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии, заведующая отделением диагностики и восстановительного лечения</p><p>Ломоносовский пр-т, 2, стр. 1, Москва, 119991ул. Островитянова, 1, Москва, 117997 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mayya D. Bakradze, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor of Chair of Faculty Pediatrics, Head of Department of Diagnostics and Rehabilitation</p><p>Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, 2, stroenie 1, Moscow, 119991ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полякова Анастасия Сергеевна, к. м. н., преподаватель-ассистент кафедры педиатрии факультета № 1, врач-педиатр</p><p>Ломоносовский пр-т, 2, стр. 1, Москва, 119991ул. Островитянова, 1, Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya S. Polyakova, Cand. Med. Sc., Teaching Assistant of Chair of Faculty Pediatrics № 1, Pediatrician</p><p>Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, 2, stroenie 1, Moscow, 119991ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>175</fpage><lpage>182</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильина Н.А., Воробьева Л.Е., Бакрадзе М.Д., Полякова А.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильина Н.А., Воробьева Л.Е., Бакрадзе М.Д., Полякова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Il’ina N.A., Vorob’eva L.E., Bakradze M.D., Polyakova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/568">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/568</self-uri><abstract><p>Трахеобронхомегалия – редкий порок развития у детей, характеризующийся расширением трахеи и крупных бронхов, диагностика и лечение которого осуществляется чаще во взрослой практике, когда клинико-диагностическая картина приобретает выраженные черты синдрома Мунье-Куна. В связи с этим возникает необходимость раннего выявления данной патологии у детей и дифференцирования ее с другими заболеваниями и пороками развития трахеобронхиального дерева, протекающими под маской рецидивирующего воспалительного процесса легких и верхних дыхательных путей, в первую очередь с такими, как муковисцидоз и первичная цилиарная дискинезия.</p><p>В статье приводится случай трахеобронхомегалии вторичного характера у ребенка с выраженными клиническими проявлениями синдрома Мунье-Куна, наличием бронхоэктазов, легочного фиброза и признаками системного заболевания соединительной ткани. Обсуждаются возможности компьютерной томографии грудной полости в диагностике данного порока у детей и причины его возникновения. Проведен сравнительный анализ размеров трахеи и главных бронхов представленного больного и детей с муковисцидозом и диффузным легочным фиброзом того же возраста и пола, выявлена более значимая роль наследственных заболеваний соединительной ткани в формировании вторичной трахеобронхомегалии. Авторами предлагается разделить понятия «трахеобронхомегалия» и «синдром Мунье-Куна» у детей и признать порог расширения трахеи у таких пациентов в +3SD и более.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Tracheobronchomegaly is a rare developmental defect in children, which is characterized by the expansion of the trachea and large bronchi, the diagnosis and treatment of which are made more often in adult practice, when the clinical diagnostic picture acquires the obvious features of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. In this connection, the need arises for the early detection of this pathology in children and its differentiation from other diseases and malformations of the tracheobronchial tree, which mask a recurrent inflammatory process in the lung and upper respiratory tract, and primarily with those, such as cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia.The paper describes a case of secondary tracheobronchomegaly in a child with obvious clinical manifestations of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome in the presence of bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, and signs of systemic connective tissue disease. It discusses the possibilities of chest computed tomography in the diagnosis of this defect in children, as well as its causes. The sizes of the trachea and main bronchi in this patient are compared with those in the groups of children of the same age and sex who have cystic fibrosis or diffuse pulmonary fibrosis to identify a more significant role of hereditary connective tissue diseases in the development of secondary tracheobronchomegaly. The authors propose to separate the concepts of tracheobronchomegaly and Mounier-Kuhn syndrome in children and to recognize the threshold for tracheal expansion in these patients having +3SD or more.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трахеобронхомегалия</kwd><kwd>синдром Мунье-Куна</kwd><kwd>врожденные пороки развития легких</kwd><kwd>врожденные пороки развития бронхов</kwd><kwd>бронхоэктазы</kwd><kwd>муковисцидоз</kwd><kwd>синдром Картагенера</kwd><kwd>первичная цилиарная дискинезия</kwd><kwd>легочный фиброз</kwd><kwd>хронические заболевания легких</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tracheobronchomegaly</kwd><kwd>Mounier-Kuhn syndrome</kwd><kwd>congenital lung malformations</kwd><kwd>congenital bronchial malformations</kwd><kwd>bronchiectasis</kwd><kwd>cystic fibrosis</kwd><kwd>Kartagener’s syndrome</kwd><kwd>primary ciliary dyskinesia</kwd><kwd>pulmonary fibrosis</kwd><kwd>chronic lung diseases</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Королев Б.А., Шахов Б.Е., Павлунин А.В. 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