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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2016-97-3-149-156</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-138</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лучевая диагностика вирусной пневмонии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiology of viral pneumonia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сперанская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Speranskaia</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры рентгенологии и радиационной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of Radiology and Radiation Medicine Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.spera@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Pulmonology Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Pulmonology Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8, Санкт-Петербург, 197022, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov First St.-Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the RF, ul. L’va Tolstogo, 6-8, St.-Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>149</fpage><lpage>156</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сперанская А.А., Новикова Л.Н., Баранова О.П., Васильева М.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сперанская А.А., Новикова Л.Н., Баранова О.П., Васильева М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Speranskaia A.A., Novikova L.N., Baranova O.P., Vasilieva M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/138">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/138</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценить клинико-рентгенологические особенности вирусной пневмонии, вызванной гриппом А (H1N1) в 2015–2016 гг.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Основу исследования составили 22 больных (13 мужчин, 9 женщин, 1 пациент погиб) с вирусной пневмонией, вызванной гриппом А (H1N1). Средний возраст больных составлял 39±14 лет. Всем пациентам были выполнены традиционное рентгенологическое исследование (рентгенография в двух проекциях), мультиспиральная компьютерная томография (КТ), высокоразрешающая КТ (ВРКТ). Семи больным проведена КТ-ангиография. Комплексное исследование функции внешнего дыхания проведено 20 больным (у 2 пациентов из-за тяжести состояния выполнить его не представлялось возможным).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Клиническое течение характеризовалось молниеносным началом с повышением температуры тела до 39 °С и выше, развитием симптомов интоксикации и дыхательной недостаточности. У 10 больных рентгенологическая картина была идентична прошлой эпидемии. У остальных больных наблюдалось быстрое прогрессирование процесса, приводящее к формированию микст-инфекций (n = 3), развитию респираторного дистресс-синдрома (n = 5), осложненного пневмомедиастинумом и пневмотораксом, присоединением тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) (n = 3). Длительное сохранение дыхательной недостаточности было обусловлено двумя типами формирования легочной патологии: тяжелым констриктивным бронхиолитом (у 5 пациентов, перенесших искусственную вентиляцию легких – ИВЛ) и фиброзными изменениями в легочной ткани по типу фиброзирующего альвеолита (у 6 пациентов без ИВЛ).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение длительной ИВЛ у больных с тяжелым вирусным поражением легких может осложниться развитием констриктивных бронхиолитов. Формирование фиброзных изменений в легочной ткани, аналогичное таковым при идиопатических интерстициальных пневмониях, может быть подтверждением их предполагаемой вирусной природы. Возникновение пневмоторакса и пневмомедиастинума, возможно, обусловлено изменениями в легочной ткани на фоне вирусной инфекции. Развитие ТЭЛА на фоне вирусного поражения легких требует включения в алгоритм диагностики осложненного течения гриппа КТ-ангиографии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the clinical and radiological features of viral pneumonia caused by influenza A (H1N1) in 2015–2016.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study involved 22 patients (13 men, 9 women, 1 patient died) with viral pneumonia caused by influenza A (H1N1). The average age of patients was 39±14 years. All patients underwent conventional X-ray examinations (radiography in two projections), multi-spiral computed tomography (CT), high-resolution CT. Seven patients underwent CT angiography. Assessment of respiratory function was performed in 20 patients (except two severe patients that were unable to undergo the test).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The clinical course included rapid progression, with body temperature increase up to 39 °C or above, development of intoxication and respiratory failure. X-ray patterns were identical to the previous epidemic in 10 patients. Others showed rapid process progression leading to the formation of mixed infections (3 pts), development of respiratory distress syndrome (5 pts), complicated by pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism accession (3 pts). Long-term retention of respiratory failure was caused by the formation of two types of lung pathology: severe constrictive bronchiolitis (in 5 patients receiving mechanical ventilation) and fibrotic changes in lung tissue resembling fibrosing alveolitis (6 patients without mechanical ventilation).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of long-term mechanical ventilation in patients with severe viral lung lesions may complicate with constrictive bronchiolitis development. The formation of fibrotic changes in the lung tissue similar to idiopathic interstitial pneumonias may be the confirmation of their suspected viral nature. Development of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum may be due to lung tissue changes caused by viral infection. Development of pulmonary embolism in viral lungs lesions requires inclusion of CT angiography in the diagnostic algorithm of complicated influenza.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирусная пневмония</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>viral pneumonia</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>computed tomography.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mistry R.D., Fischer J.B., Prasad P.A. et al. Severe complications in influenza-like illnesses. 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