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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rentrad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0478</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20862/0042-4676-2026-107-2-88-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rentrad-1040</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение возможностей и ограничений анализа остаточных изменений в легких после COVID-19-ассоциированного поражения при визуальной оценке, шиарлет-преобразовании и радиомическом методе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparison of capabilities and limitations of analyzing residual pulmonary changes after COVID-19-related injury using visual assessment, shearlet transform, and radiomic methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-8268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кенц</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kents</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кенц Анжелика Станиславовна, врач-рентгенолог</p><p>ул. Коломенская, 26, Красноярск, 660037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anzhelika S. Kents, Radiologist</p><p>ul. Kolomenskaya, 26, Krasnoyarsk, 660037 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anzhelika.kents@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3931-1431</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрин</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turin</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюрин Игорь Евгеньевич, д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой рентгенологии и радиологии</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1, Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor E. Tyurin, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Chair of Roentgenology and Radiology</p><p>ul. Barrikadnaya, 2/1, str. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный Сибирский научно-клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Siberian Research Clinical Centre, FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>107</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кенц А.С., Тюрин И.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кенц А.С., Тюрин И.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kents A.S., Turin I.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/1040">https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/1040</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: сравнить воспроизводимость, ограничения и возможности трех иерархических уровней анализа компьютерных томографических (КТ) изображений при оценке остаточных изменений в легочной паренхиме после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции – визуальной оценки, шиарлет-преобразования и количественных радиомических признаков.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ данных 48 пациентов с подтвержденным поражением легких при вирусной инфекции, ассоциированной с COVID-19. Пациенты распределены на три группы: полный регресс изменений (20 человек; 41,7%), остаточные изменения в легких (18 человек; 37,5%) и летальный исход в острой фазе (10 человек; 20,8%). Анализ включал: визуальную оценку объема поражения по шкале КТ1–4, использование шиарлет-преобразования с цветовым кодированием плотности для улучшения восприятия структурных паттернов, радиомический анализ с ручной сегментацией регионов интереса и извлечением признаков энтропии (JointEntropy) и гомогенности (image data matrix, IDM) через 3D Slicer (расширение PyRadiomics). Воспроизводимость оценивали по коэффициенту каппа Коэна (κ) для визуальной и шиарлет-оценок и по внутриклассовому коэффициенту корреляции (intraclass correlation coefﬁcient, ICC) для радиомических признаков с расчетом доверительных интервалов (ДИ). Статистический анализ включал критерий Манна–Уитни, корреляцию Спирмена (ρ) и ROC-анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Коэффициент воспроизводимости составил: κ=0,68 (95% ДИ 0,59–0,76) для визуальной оценки, κ=0,83 (95% ДИ 0,76-0,89) для шиарлет-преобразования, ICC=0,94 (95% ДИ 0,91-0,97) для энтропии и ICC=0,92 (95% ДИ 0,88-0,95) для гомогенности. В зонах остаточных изменений выявлены достоверное повышение энтропии (6,91±0,42 против 5,85±0,31 в сохранных участках; р&lt;0,001) и снижение гомогенности (0,21±0,04 против 0,29±0,03; р&lt;0,001). У пациентов с летальным исходом отмечена бимодальность распределения плотности (размах &gt;400 HU) и нарастание энтропии &gt;0,2 ед/сут. Снижение энтропии &gt;0,4 ед/год ассоциировано с благоприятным ремоделированием легочной ткани (чувствительность 89%, специфичность 91%). Энтропия демонстрировала умеренную положительную корреляцию с визуальным объемом поражения (ρ=0,64; р&lt;0,01), тогда как гомогенность коррелировала с плотностью ткани (ρ=0,81; р&lt;0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенная иерархия методов отражает эволюцию подхода к интерпретации постковидных изменений: визуальная оценка обеспечивает базовую семиотику, но ограничена субъективностью (κ&lt;0,70), шиарлет-преобразование повышает воспроизводимость за счет улучшения восприятия структурных паттернов (κ&gt;0,80), радиомические признаки (энтропия, гомогенность) предоставляют воспроизводимые количественные маркеры ремоделирования легочной ткани (ICC&gt;0,90). Высокая воспроизводимость энтропии подтверждает ее потенциал как объективного прогностического критерия: стабилизация на уровне 6,5–7,0 ед. предсказывает формирование остаточных изменений, снижение &lt;6,8 ед. – полный регресс, нарастание &gt;7,8 ед. с бимодальностью плотности – высокий риск летального исхода. Интеграция количественных радиомических признаков в клиническую практику расширяет возможности поддержки принятия решений при анализе остаточных изменений после COVID-19.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: То compare the reproducibility, limitations and capabilities of three hierarchical levels of computed tomography (CT) image analysis in assessing residual changes in lung parenchyma after coronavirus infection: from visual assessment to shearlet transform and quantitative radiomic features.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 48 patients with conﬁrmed lung damage associated with COVID-19 was conducted. Patients were divided into three groups: complete regression of changes (20 patients; 41.7%), residual lung changes (18 patients; 37.5%), and death in acute phase (10 patients; 20.8%). The analysis included: visual assessment of the lesion volume according to the CT1–4 scale; use of the shearlet transform with color-coded density to improve the perception of structural patterns; radiomics analysis with manual segmentation of regions of interest and extraction of entropy (JointEntropy) and homogeneity (image data matrix, IDM) features using 3D Slicer (PyRadiomics extension). Reproducibility was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefﬁcient (κ) for visual and Shearlet assessments and the intraclass correlation coefﬁcient (ICC) for radiomic features with calculation of conﬁdence intervals (CI). Statistical analysis included the Mann–Whitney test, Spearman’s correlation (ρ), and ROC analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The reproducibility coefﬁcients were: κ=0.68 (95% CI 0.59–0.76) for visual assessment, κ=0.83 (95% CI 0.76–0.89) for the shearlet transform, ICC=0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.97) for entropy, and ICC=0.92 (95% CI 0.88–0.95) for homogeneity. In the areas of residual changes, a signiﬁcant increase in entropy (6.91±0.42 versus 5.85±0.31 in the intact areas; p&lt;0.001) and a decrease in homogeneity (0.21±0.04 versus 0.29±0.03; p&gt;&lt;0.001) were revealed. In patients with fatal outcome, a bimodal density distribution (range &gt;400 HU) and an entropy increase of &gt;0.2 units/day were noted. A decrease in entropy of &gt;0.4 units/year was associated with favorable remodeling (sensitivity 89%, speciﬁcity 91%). Entropy demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with the visual volume of the lesion (ρ=0.64; p&lt;0.01), while homogeneity correlated with tissue density (&gt;ρ=0.81; p&lt;0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed hierarchy of methods reﬂects the evolution of the approach to interpreting post-COVID-19 changes: visual assessment provides basic semiotics but is limited by subjectivity (κ&lt;0.70); the shearlet transform increases reproducibility by improving the perception of structural patterns (&gt;κ&gt;0.80); radiomic features (entropy, homogeneity) provide reproducible quantitative markers of remodeling (ICC&gt;0.90).</p><p>The high reproducibility of entropy conﬁrms its potential as an objective prognostic criterion: stabilization at a level of 6.5–7.0 units predicts the formation of residual changes, a decrease to &lt;6.8 units means complete regression, and an increase to &gt;7.8 units with bimodal density means a high risk of mortality. The integration of quantitative radiomic features into clinical practice expands the possibilities for decision support in the analysis of residual changes after COVID-19.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>компьютерная томография легких</kwd><kwd>остаточные изменения после COVID-19</kwd><kwd>текстурный анализ</kwd><kwd>энтропия</kwd><kwd>гомогенность</kwd><kwd>шиарлет-преобразование</kwd><kwd>воспроизводимость</kwd><kwd>радиомика</kwd><kwd>прогностическая модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung computed tomography</kwd><kwd>residual changes after COVID-19</kwd><kwd>texture analysis</kwd><kwd>entropy</kwd><kwd>homogeneity</kwd><kwd>shearlet transform</kwd><kwd>reproducibility</kwd><kwd>radiomics</kwd><kwd>prognostic model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сперанская А.А., Осипов Н.П., Лыскова Ю.А., Амосова О.В. 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