rentradВестник рентгенологии и радиологииJournal of radiology and nuclear medicine0042-46762619-0478Limited Liability Company "LUCHEVAYA DIAGNOSTIKA", Russian Association of Radiologists10.20862/0042-4676-2025-106-6-192-206rentrad-1009Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL RESEARCHВозможности индивидуального фМРТ-картирования мозговых основ рабочей памяти с помощью задачи «N шагов назад»The Potential for Individual Mapping of Working Memory Using the N-Back fMRI Taskhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3409-3703ПеченковаЕ. В.PechenkovaE. V.

Печенкова Екатерина Васильевна, к. пс. н., ст. науч. сотр., заведующая научно-учебной лабораторией когнитивных исследований департамента психологии факультета социальных наук

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

ул. Мясницкая, 20, Москва, 101000

Ekaterina V. Pechenkova, Cand. Psych. Sc., Senior Researcher; Head of Laboratory for Cognitive Research, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

ul. Myasnitskaya, 20, Moscow, 101000

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-4251ПаникратоваЯ. Р.PanikratovaY. R.

Паникратова Яна Романовна, к. пс. н., ст. науч. сотр., ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории нейровизуализации и мультимодального анализа

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

Каширское ш., 34, Москва, 115522

Yana R. Panikratova, Cand. Psych. Sc., Senior Researcher; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Institute of Biological Psychiatry

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

Kashirskoye shosse, 34, Moscow, 115522

panikratova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-7266КорольковаО. А.KorolkovaO. A.

Королькова Ольга Александровна, к. пс. н., ст. науч. сотр., вед. науч. сотр. Института экспериментальной психологии

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

ул. Сретенка, 29, Москва, 127051

Olga A. Korolkova, Cand. Psych. Sc., Senior Researcher; Leading Researcher, Institute for Experimental Psychology

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

ul. Sretenka, 29, Moscow, 127051

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1347-1404ПчелинцеваМ. Е.PchelintsevaM. E.

Пчелинцева Мария Евгеньевна, науч. сотр.  стажер-исследователь научно-учебной лаборатории когнитивных исследований департамента психологии факультета социальных наук

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

ул. Мясницкая, 20, Москва, 101000

Mariia E. Pchelintseva, Researcher; Research Assistant, Laboratory for Cognitive Research, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

ul. Myasnitskaya, 20, Moscow, 101000

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7673-0696СмирноваА. В.SmirnovaA. V.

Смирнова Анна Владимировна, науч. сотр.

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

Anna V. Smirnova, Researcher

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1740-4932МенингС. М.MeningS. M.

Менинг Семен Михайлович, науч. сотр.  стажер-исследователь научно-учебной лаборатории когнитивных исследований департамента психологии факультета социальных наук

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

ул. Мясницкая, 20, Москва, 101000

Semyon M. Mening, Researcher; Research Assistant, Laboratory for Cognitive Research, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

ul. Myasnitskaya, 20, Moscow, 101000

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9127-7539МаковскаяЛ. А.MakovskayaL. A.

Маковская Людмила Андрияновна, науч. сотр. врач-рентгенолог Университетской клиники 

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

Ленинские горы, 1, Москва, 119991

 

Ludmila A. Makovskaya, Researcher; Radiologist, University Clinic

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-2193СиницынВ. Е.SinitsynV. E.

Синицын Валентин Евгеньевич, д. м. н., профессор, вед. науч. сотр., заведующий отделом лучевой диагностики

Большой Власьевский пер., 11, Москва, 119002

Ленинские горы, 1, Москва, 119991

Valentin E. Sinitsyn, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Leading Researcher; Head of the Radiology Department, Medical Scientific and Educational Institute

Bolshoy Vlasyevsky per., 11, Moscow, 119002

Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119991

ЧОУ ДПО «Московский центр непрерывного математического образования»; ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики”»РоссияMoscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education; HSE UniversityRussian FederationЧОУ ДПО «Московский центр непрерывного математического образования»; ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»РоссияMoscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education; Mental Health Research CenterRussian FederationЧОУ ДПО «Московский центр непрерывного математического образования»; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет»РоссияMoscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education; Moscow State University of Psychology and EducationRussian FederationЧОУ ДПО «Московский центр непрерывного математического образования»;РоссияMoscow Center for Continuous Mathematical EducationRussian FederationЧОУ ДПО «Московский центр непрерывного математического образования»; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»РоссияMoscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education; Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationЧОУ ДПО «Московский центр непрерывного матФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова» ематического образования»;РоссияMoscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education; Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation2025190320261066192206Copyright © Печенкова Е.В., Паникратова Я.Р., Королькова О.А., Пчелинцева М.Е., Смирнова А.В., Менинг С.М., Маковская Л.А., Синицын В.Е., 20262026Печенкова Е.В., Паникратова Я.Р., Королькова О.А., Пчелинцева М.Е., Смирнова А.В., Менинг С.М., Маковская Л.А., Синицын В.Е.Pechenkova E.V., Panikratova Y.R., Korolkova O.A., Pchelintseva M.E., Smirnova A.V., Mening S.M., Makovskaya L.A., Sinitsyn V.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.russianradiology.ru/jour/article/view/1009

Актуальность. Использование индивидуальных карт активации мозга по данным функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии (фМРТ) для уточнения диагноза и прогноза пациента на текущий момент невозможно, однако отслеживание изменений активации в ходе лечения или реабилитации может быть полезным для оценки их эффективности. Популяционные исследования чаще всего не позволяют выделить клинически значимые параметры активации и интерпретировать их изменения. Чтобы восполнить этот пробел, мы предлагаем детально рассматривать индивидуальные различия активации, связанные с состоянием изучаемой функции.Цель: анализ индивидуальных различий активации головного мозга при выполнении задачи «N шагов назад» (обновление материала в рабочей памяти) у молодых и пожилых здоровых людей в связи с точностью и временем ответа в данной задаче.Материал и методы. У 16 молодых (18–35 лет) и 16 пожилых (60–75 лет) здоровых праворуких участников регистрировали фМРТ при выполнении задач «N шагов назад» и рассматривали активацию в условии «2 шага назад» против «0 шагов назад». На групповом уровне оценивали эффекты возрастной группы (молодые/пожилые) и типа материала (вербальный/невербальный), а также точности и времени ответа.Результаты. У всех участников вне зависимости от возраста ухудшение выполнения задачи «2 шага назад» сопровождалось более выраженной активацией: в зрительной коре билатерально и в правой нижней лобной извилине при снижении точности, в лобных компонентах фронтопариетальной сети и лобном полюсе справа при увеличении времени ответа.Заключение. Полученные корреляции объясняют очень малую долю дисперсии в паттернах активации в задачах на рабочую память, поэтому не могут быть использованы для интерпретации индивидуальных карт активации. Однако они способны открыть путь к оценке индивидуальных паттернов в динамике в том случае, если получат подтверждение в лонгитюдном исследовании.

Background. Individual activation maps based on brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data cannot yet be applied to refine a patient's diagnosis and prognosis. However, tracking activation dynamics in the same patient during the course of treatment or rehabilitation can be useful for assessing their efficacy. Population-based studies often fail to identify clinically significant activation parameters and to aid interpretation. To address this gap, we propose the examination of individual differences in activation in correspondence with the state of the mental process of interest.Objective: to analyze individual differences in brain activation evoked by the n-back task (working memory updating) in young and elderly healthy participants related to accuracy and response times in this task.Material and methods. fMRI was recorded in 16 young (18–35 years) and 16 elderly (60–75 years) healthy right-handed participants while they performed the n-back task. Group-level activation was assessed in the 2-back versus 0-back conditions. The effects of age (young/elderly), material type (verbal/nonverbal), accuracy and response times were assessed.Results. In all participants, regardless of age, less effective performance in the 2-back task was accompanied by more pronounced activation. Lower accuracy was coupled with higher activation in the visual cortex bilaterally and in the right inferior frontal gyrus, while a higher response time was associated with greater activation in the right frontal components of the frontoparietal network and the right frontal pole.Conclusion. Our findings explain a very small portion of the variance in activation patterns in the working memory tasks, so they cannot yet be used to interpret individual activation maps. However, they could pave the way for assessing dynamics of individual patterns over time if successfully replicated in a longitudinal study.

функциональная магнитно-резонансная томографиярабочая памятьзадача «N шагов назад»вербальный материалневербальный материалмолодой возрастпожилой возрастздоровое старениеиндивидуальные различия.functional magnetic resonance imagingworking memoryn-back taskverbal materialnonverbal materialyoung ageelderly agehealthy agingindividual differences.Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-78-00008 «Уточнение мозговых механизмов рабочей памяти во взрослом возрасте и в процессе старения за счет совместного использования данных фМРТ и МЭГ» (https://rscf.ru/project/23-78-00008).The reported study was funded by Russian Science Foundation, project number 23-78-00008 “Refined understanding of neural underpinnings of working memory in adult and ageing population through the combined use of fMRI and MEG data” (https://rscf.ru/project/23-78-00008).ReferencesHuettel SA, Song AW, McCarthy G. Functional magnetic resonance imaging. 2nd ed. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.